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The genre of Menippean satire is a form of satire, usually in prose, that is characterized by attacking mental attitudes rather than specific individuals or entities. [1] It has been broadly described as a mixture of allegory , picaresque narrative, and satirical commentary. [ 2 ]
Satire is a genre of the visual, literary, and performing arts, usually in the form of fiction and less frequently non-fiction, in which vices, follies, abuses, and shortcomings are held up to ridicule, often with the intent of exposing or shaming the perceived flaws of individuals, corporations, government, or society itself into improvement. [1]
The genre is defined by a wide-ranging discussion of society and social mores in dactylic hexameter. [1] The sixth and tenth satires are some of the most renowned works in the collection. Book I: Satires 1–5; Book II: Satire 6; Book III: Satires 7–9; Book IV: Satires 10–12; Book V: Satires 13–16 (Satire 16 is incompletely preserved)
Decimus Junius Juvenalis (Latin: [ˈdɛkɪmʊs ˈjuːniʊs jʊwɛˈnaːlɪs]), known in English as Juvenal (/ ˈ dʒ uː v ən əl / JOO-vən-əl; c. 55–128), was a Roman poet.He is the author of the collection of satirical poems known as the Satires.
The poem's biting satire obviously overtly attacks Dr. Swift and his writings. It also actively accuses Swift of misogyny and sexism. Swift's poem was highly invasive as it chronicles the unwanted entry of a man into a lady's dressing room where he sees the woman no longer as an elevated goddess, but as a normal human being with normal bodily functions.
Little is known about the life of Menippus. He was of Phoenician descent, [1] [2] from the Greek city of Gadara [3] in Coele-Syria. [4] [5] He was originally a slave, [6] in the service of a citizen of Pontus, but in some way obtained his freedom and relocated to Thebes.
In satires 1, 2 and 3, Horace gives general philosophical advice on how to live and what vices to avoid; in 4 and 6 he discusses his reasons for writing satire in the style of Lucilius, with the 5th satire (the Journey to Brundisium) an imitation of one by Lucilius; and satires 7, 8 and 9 (the three shortest satires) are all amusing anecdotes.
[6] [7] Many scholars acknowledge this cynicism in Satire 2.5 and see a connection between the two authors. As Shackleton Bailey writes, “Uniquely for Horace, it concerns a particular social malpractice (touting for legacies), and its mordant humour has reminded many readers of Juvenal.” [ 8 ]