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Serotonin syndrome (SS) is a group of symptoms that may occur with the use of certain serotonergic medications or drugs. [1] The symptoms can range from mild to severe, and are potentially fatal. [ 4 ] [ 5 ] [ 2 ] Symptoms in mild cases include high blood pressure and a fast heart rate ; usually without a fever . [ 2 ]
Serotonin syndrome is typically caused by the use of two or more serotonergic drugs, including SSRIs. [118] Serotonin syndrome is a condition that can range from mild (most common) to deadly. Mild symptoms may consist of increased heart rate , fever , shivering, sweating , dilated pupils , myoclonus (intermittent jerking or twitching), as well ...
In the European Union, the European Medicines Agency has jurisdiction and the relevant documents are called the "summary of product characteristics" (SPC or SmPC) and the document for end-users is called the "patient information leaflet" or "package leaflet". The SPC is not intended to give general advice about treatment of a condition but does ...
The diagnosis is suggested on patients with a history of drug exposure to the most common inducing agents such as strong antidopaminergic medications. [6] [40] The differential diagnosis includes serotonin syndrome, [41] encephalitis, toxic encephalopathy, status epilepticus, heat stroke, catatonia and malignant hyperthermia.
They act by antagonizing the α 2-adrenergic receptor and certain serotonin receptors such as 5-HT 2A and 5-HT 2C, [1] but also 5-HT 3, [1] 5-HT 6, and/or 5-HT 7 in some cases. By blocking α 2 -adrenergic autoreceptors and heteroreceptors , NaSSAs enhance adrenergic and serotonergic neurotransmission in the brain involved in mood regulation ...
A serious, but rare, side effect of SNRIs is serotonin syndrome, which is caused by an excess of serotonin in the body. Serotonin syndrome can be caused by taking multiple serotonergic drugs, such as SSRIs or SNRIs. Other drugs that contribute to serotonin syndrome include MAO inhibitors, linezolid, tedizolid, methylene blue, procarbazine ...
Although depletion of tryptophan — the rate-limiting factor of serotonin synthesis — does not influence the mood of healthy volunteers and untreated patients with depression, it does produce a rapid relapse of depressive symptoms in about 50% of remitted patients who are being, or have recently been treated with serotonin selective ...
Most importantly, zimelidine did not come with the adverse effect profile as the TCAs and therefore it became the template for the second generation SSRIs. [6] Zimelidine was the first SSRI to be marketed, but several cases of Guillain–Barré syndrome were associated with the use of the drug which led to withdrawal from the market in 1983 ...