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In soft waters with low ionic content, invertebrates and fishes may develop adverse effects from fluoride concentration as low as 0.5 mg/L. Negative effects are less in hard waters and seawaters, as the bioavailability of fluoride ions is reduced with increasing water hardness [34] Seawater contains fluoride at a concentration of 1.3 mg/L. [35]
Fluoride consumption can exceed the tolerable upper limit when someone drinks a lot of fluoride-containing water in combination with other fluoride sources, such as swallowing fluoridated toothpaste, consuming food with a high fluoride content, or consuming fluoride supplements.
Most patients with skeletal fluorosis show side effects from the high fluoride dose such as ruptures of the stomach lining and nausea. [4] Fluoride can also damage the parathyroid glands, leading to hyperparathyroidism, the uncontrolled secretion of parathyroid hormones. These hormones regulate calcium concentration in the body.
Limiting certain foods may also help in controlling high blood pressure. First, individuals with hypertension are recommended to limit sodium intake to about 1,500 milligrams or less per day.
Fluoride or fluorine deficiency is a disorder which may cause increased dental caries [1] and possibly osteoporosis, [2] [3] due to a lack of fluoride in diet. [4] [5] Common dietary sources of fluoride include tea, grape juice, wine, raisins, some seafood, coffee, and tap water that has been fluoridated. [6]
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Fluoride, the chemical ion of the mineral fluorine, is naturally present in trace amounts, according to the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, in soil, water, plants, and some food ...
Buerger's disease – inflammation and swelling in small blood vessels, causing the vessels to narrow or become blocked by blood clots. [18] Raynaud syndrome – a peripheral vascular disorder that causes constriction of the peripheral blood vessels in the fingers and toes when a person is cold or experiencing stress. [19]