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Situated learning is a theory that explains an individual's acquisition of professional skills and includes research on apprenticeship into how legitimate peripheral participation leads to membership in a community of practice. [1] Situated learning "takes as its focus the relationship between learning and the social situation in which it ...
Accordingly, it represents a wide perspective that includes several existing models and theories. It is partially based on Peacemaking criminology and on Positive Psychology , and relates to known and accepted models such as restorative justice .
Situated cognition is a theory that posits that knowing is inseparable from doing [1] by arguing that all knowledge is situated in activity bound to social, cultural and physical contexts. [ 2 ] Situativity theorists suggest a model of knowledge and learning that requires thinking on the fly rather than the storage and retrieval of conceptual ...
In general terms, positivism rejected the Classical Theory's reliance on free will and sought to identify positive causes that determined the propensity for criminal behaviour. The Classical School of Criminology believed that the punishment against a crime, should in fact fit the crime and not be immoderate.
In criminology, differential association is a theory developed by Edwin Sutherland proposing that through interaction with others, individuals learn the values, attitudes, techniques, and motives for criminal behavior. The differential association theory is the most talked about of the learning theories of deviance.
The use of sanctions, which can be either positive (rewarding) or negative is the basis of all criminal theory, along with the main goals of social control, and deterrence of deviant behavior. Many facilities operating in the United States adhere to particular correctional theories.
Wenger holds that learning is an inherently social process and that it cannot be separated from the social context in which it happens. Among his current engagements are Communities of Practice for Accounting and Auditing Education as well as Audit and Oversight for the World Bank Centre for Financial Reporting Reform .
To understand how learning occurs outside the classroom, Lave and Wenger studied how newcomers or novices become established community members within an apprenticeship. [2] Lave and Wenger first used the term communities of practice to describe learning through practice and participation, which they described as situated learning.