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In meteorology, [2] helicity corresponds to the transfer of vorticity from the environment to an air parcel in convective motion. Here the definition of helicity is simplified to only use the horizontal component of wind and vorticity, and to only integrate in the vertical direction, replacing the volume integral with a one-dimensional definite integral or line integral:
As can be seen, as the Damköhler number increases, the other term must decrease. The ensuing polynomial can be solved and the conversion for the rule of thumb Damköhler numbers found. Alternatively, one can graph the expressions and see where they intersect with the line given by the inverse Damköhler number to see the solution for conversion.
The hydrogen cycle consists of hydrogen exchanges between biotic (living) and abiotic (non-living) sources and sinks of hydrogen-containing compounds. Hydrogen (H) is the most abundant element in the universe. [1] On Earth, common H-containing inorganic molecules include water (H 2 O), hydrogen gas (H 2), hydrogen sulfide (H 2 S), and ammonia ...
Given the ubiquity of hydrogen atoms in inorganic and organic chemical compounds, the hydrogen cycle is focused on molecular hydrogen (H 2). Nitrogen The nitrogen cycle is the process by which nitrogen is converted into multiple chemical forms as it circulates among atmosphere , terrestrial , and marine ecosystems .
In statistical mechanics, the Zimm–Bragg model is a helix-coil transition model that describes helix-coil transitions of macromolecules, usually polymer chains. Most models provide a reasonable approximation of the fractional helicity of a given polypeptide; the Zimm–Bragg model differs by incorporating the ease of propagation (self-replication) with respect to nucleation.
For a massive particle of spin S, the eigenvalues of helicity are S, S − 1, S − 2, ..., − S. [ 3 ] : 12 For massless particles, not all of spin eigenvalues correspond to physically meaningful degrees of freedom: For example, the photon is a massless spin 1 particle with helicity eigenvalues −1 and +1, but the eigenvalue 0 is not ...
A meiocyte is a type of cell that differentiates into a gamete through the process of meiosis. Through meiosis, the diploid meiocyte divides into four genetically different haploid gametes. [1] [2] The control of the meiocyte through the meiotic cell cycle varies between different groups of organisms.
In the water cycle, the two main processes that fractionate hydrogen isotopes from seawater are evaporation and condensation. Oxygen isotopic composition (18 O/ 16 O) of water is also an important tracer in the water cycle, and cannot be separated from hydrogen isotopes when we talk about isotope fractionation processes associated with water.