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While knowledge was being accumulated regarding the biology of phages and how to use phage cocktails correctly, early uses of phage therapy were often unreliable. [29] Since the early 20th century, research into the development of viable therapeutic antibiotics had also been underway, and by 1942, the antibiotic penicillin G had been ...
The following 17 pages use this file: Black Death; Black Death in Denmark; Black Death in France; Black Death in Italy; Black Death in Norway; Black Death in Russia; Black Death in Spain; Black Death in Sweden; Black Death in the Holy Roman Empire; Black Death in the Middle East; Second plague pandemic; User:Joyce1379/Early medicine development ...
George Eliava pioneered the use of phages in treating bacterial infections. Phages were discovered to be antibacterial agents and were used in the former Soviet Republic of Georgia (pioneered there by Giorgi Eliava with help from the co-discoverer of bacteriophages, Félix d'Hérelle) during the 1920s and 1930s for treating bacterial infections.
The Black Death was the second great natural disaster to strike Europe during the Late Middle Ages (the first one being the Great Famine of 1315–1317) and is estimated to have killed 30% to 60% of the European population, as well as approximately 33% of the population of the Middle East.
The ensuing Black Death may have killed up to 25 million total, including China and roughly a third of the population of Europe and in the next decades, changing the course of Asian and European history. Biologicals were extensively used in many parts of Africa from the sixteenth century AD, most of the time in the form of poisoned arrows, or ...
This image is a derivative work of the following images: File:WW2_Holocaust_Europe_map-fr.svg licensed with FAL . 2011-09-28T13:32:55Z Sémhur 1310x1090 (502755 Bytes) Location of Varsovie, border between Poland and East Prussia
German-occupied Europe (or Nazi-occupied Europe) refers to the sovereign countries of Europe which were wholly or partly militarily occupied and civil-occupied, including puppet governments, by the military forces and the government of Nazi Germany at various times between 1939 and 1945, during World War II, administered by the Nazi regime under the dictatorship of Adolf Hitler.
Deaths were not evenly distributed across Europe, and some areas were affected very little, but others were all but entirely depopulated. [10] The Black Death hit the culture of towns and cities disproportionately hard although rural areas, where most of the population lived at the time, were also significantly affected.