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Meconium aspiration syndrome (MAS), also known as neonatal aspiration of meconium, is a medical condition affecting newborn infants. It describes the spectrum of disorders and pathophysiology of newborns born in meconium-stained amniotic fluid (MSAF) and have meconium within their lungs.
Complications can include meconium, respiratory distress, anemia, and stillbirth. [1] Multiple wraps are associated with greater risk. [3] The diagnosis may be suspected if there is a decrease in the baby's heart rate during delivery. [1] Nuchal cords are typically checked for by running the finger over the baby's neck once the head has ...
Amnioinfusion is a method in which isotonic fluid is instilled into the uterine cavity.. It was introduced in the 1960s as a means of terminating pregnancy and inducing labor in intrauterine death, but is currently used as a treatment in order to correct fetal heart rate changes caused by umbilical cord compression, indicated by variable decelerations seen on fetal heart rate monitoring.
Post-maturity syndrome is the condition of a baby born after a post-term pregnancy, first described by Stewart H. Clifford in 1954. [1] Post-maturity refers to any baby born after 42 weeks gestation, or 294 days past the first day of the mother's last menstrual period.
Causes include hypoxia, meconium aspiration, and respiratory distress syndrome. Left untreated, this can lead to hypoxic respiratory failure (HRF). [1] Decreased diameter of pulmonary vessels with hypertrophy of vessel walls: This has a poor prognosis, as it is a fixed abnormality.
Postterm pregnancy is when a woman has not yet delivered her baby after 42 weeks of gestation, two weeks beyond the typical 40-week duration of pregnancy. [1] Postmature births carry risks for both the mother and the baby, including fetal malnutrition, meconium aspiration syndrome, and stillbirths. [2]
Perinatal asphyxia (also known as neonatal asphyxia or birth asphyxia) is the medical condition resulting from deprivation of oxygen to a newborn infant that lasts long enough during the birth process to cause physical harm, usually to the brain.
It is characterized by changes in fetal movement, growth, heart rate, and presence of meconium stained fluid. [4] Risk factors for fetal distress/non-reassuring fetal status include anemia, restriction of fetal growth, maternal hypertension or cardiovascular disease, low amniotic fluid or meconium in the amniotic fluid, or a post-term pregnancy.