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In English, the word "firmament" is recorded as early as 1250, in the Middle English Story of Genesis and Exodus.It later appeared in the King James Bible.The same word is found in French and German Bible translations, all from Latin firmamentum (a firm object), used in the Vulgate (4th century). [4]
The three-part world of heavens, Earth and underworld floated in Tehom, the mythological cosmic ocean, which covered the Earth until God created the firmament to divide it into upper and lower portions and reveal the dry land; [27] the world has been protected from the cosmic ocean ever since by the solid dome of the firmament. [28]
The four firmament bearers depicted in Qazvin's book Aja'ib al-Makhluqat or The Wonders of Creatures and the Marvels of Creation (13th century). In Judaism, the living beings are considered angels of fire, who hold up the throne of God. [11] According to the Zohar, they hold up the firmament itself.
While such observation is of course not the basis of my faith, it is supportive of it, as Psalm 19:1 states, “The heavens declare the glory of God, and the firmament showeth His handiwork ...
Psalm 19 is the 19th psalm in the Book of Psalms, beginning in English in the King James Version: "The heavens declare the almighty of God; and the firmament sheweth his handywork." In the slightly different numbering system used in the Greek Septuagint and Latin Vulgate translations of the Bible, this psalm is Psalm 18.
And with regard to the creation of the light upon the first day, and of the firmament upon the second, and of the gathering together of the waters that are under the heaven into their several reservoirs on the third (the earth thus causing to sprout forth those (fruits) which are under the control of nature alone), and of the (great) lights and ...
Hebrew astronomy refers to any astronomy written in Hebrew or by Hebrew speakers, or translated into Hebrew, or written by Jews in Judeo-Arabic.It includes a range of genres from the earliest astronomy and cosmology contained in the Bible, mainly the Tanakh (Hebrew Bible or "Old Testament"), to Jewish religious works like the Talmud and very technical works.
The Testament of Solomon is a pseudepigraphical composite text ascribed to King Solomon but not regarded as canonical scripture by Jews or Christian groups. It was written in the Greek language, based on precedents dating back to the early 1st millennium AD, but was likely not completed in any meaningful textual sense until sometime in the Middle Ages.