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The Langdale axe industry (or factory) is the name given by archaeologists to a Neolithic centre of specialised stone tool production in the Great Langdale area of the English Lake District. [1] The existence of the site, which dates from around 4,000–3,500 BC, [ 2 ] was suggested by chance discoveries in the 1930s.
This is probably due to the area's proximity to the so-called 'Langdale Axe Factory'. Many of the axes seem to have been intentionally deposited in waterlogged areas, or in fissures in rocks. [34] In Cumbria the majority of axe heads originating from Langdale have been found on the Furness Peninsula. [35] Castlerigg Stone Circle
The Langdale Pikes and the Langdale Boulders, Great Langdale. Among the best-known features of Great Langdale are the Langdale Pikes, a group of peaks on the northern side of the dale. From below, they appear as a sharp rocky ridge, though they are precipitous only on their southern side; to the north, the land sweeps gently to High Raise , the ...
A Neolithic stone axe from Cumbria, now in the British Museum. [2] Fell was interested in the analysis of individual axes. [3] In 1949 she worked on Grahame Clark's excavations at the Star Carr Mesolithic site in Yorkshire. Around the same time she began studying the Langdale axe industry in Cumbria, the project for which she is perhaps best ...
By contrast, Neolithic axeheads from the Langdale axe industry were recognised as a type well before the centre at Great Langdale was identified by finds of debitage and other remains of the production, and confirmed by petrography (geological analysis). The stone was quarried and rough axe heads were produced there, to be more finely worked ...
Pike of Stickle is the site of one of the most important neolithic stone axe factories in Europe. The most prominent quarries are situated above the scree slopes on the steep southern face of the fell. The factory was set up here because of a vein of greenstone, a very hard volcanic rock, which comes to the surface around the head of the valley ...
The valley has a long history of inhabitation. A socketed Bronze Age axe was found on Low Fell above Greenburn Beck in 1961 [37] and remains of an Iron Age nucleated hillfort have been found at Castle Howe – a small mound of volcanic rock – including a hut circle and ditches cut into the rock. [38]
South Cumbria, and especially Furness and Walney, is the area where most of the axe finds have been made (67 examples – accounting for half of the total of axe finds in Cumbria). This is probably due to the area's proximity to the so-called 'Langdale Axe Factory'. Many of the axes seem to have been intentionally deposited in moss areas and in ...