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e. Private spaceflight refers to spaceflight activities undertaken by non-governmental entities, such as corporations, individuals, or non-profit organizations. This contrasts with public spaceflight, which is traditionally conducted by government agencies like NASA, ESA, or JAXA. The emergence of private spaceflight companies in the middle of ...
An astronaut in outer space with a view of the Earth reflected on his visor. Bioastronautics is a specialty area of biological and astronautical research which encompasses numerous aspects of biological, behavioral, and medical concern governing humans and other living organisms in outer space; and includes the design of space vehicle payloads ...
Russian Language and Culture (discontinued 2010) v. t. e. Advanced Placement (AP) Biology (also known as AP Bio) is an Advanced Placement biology course and exam offered by the College Board in the United States. For the 2012–2013 school year, the College Board unveiled a new curriculum with a greater focus on "scientific practices".
Astrobiology (also xenology or exobiology) is a scientific field within the life and environmental sciences that studies the origins, early evolution, distribution, and future of life in the universe by investigating its deterministic conditions and contingent events. [ 2 ] As a discipline, astrobiology is founded on the premise that life may ...
In human spaceflight, a life-support system is a group of devices that allow a human being to survive in outer space. US government space agency NASA, [ 2 ] and private spaceflight companies use the phrase "environmental control and life-support system" or the acronym "ECLSS" when describing these systems. [ 3 ]
Space biology – studies to build a better understanding of how spaceflight affects living systems in spacecraft, or in ground-based experiments that mimic aspects of spaceflight [4] Space chemistry – Reactions of elements to form more complex compounds, such as amino acids, are key to the study of chemistry in space. [5]
Human spaceflights. The Salyut series, Skylab, Mir, ISS, and Tiangong series space stations, with which many of these flights docked in orbit, are not listed separately here. See the detailed lists (links below) for information. Missions which were intended to reach space but which failed to do so are listed in bold.
13 April 1974 – Western Union Westar 1 becomes America's first domestic and commercially launched geostationary communications satellite. 1975 – OTRAG, the first company to attempt private development and manufacture of space propulsion systems, is founded in Stuttgart, Germany, though its program is ultimately abandoned in the early 1980s.