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  2. Canopy (biology) - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Canopy_(biology)

    Canopy structure is the organization or spatial arrangement (three-dimensional geometry) of a plant canopy. Leaf area index, leaf area per unit ground area, is a key measure used to understand and compare plant canopies. The canopy is taller than the understory layer. The canopy holds 90% of the animals in the rainforest.

  3. Rainforest - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rainforest

    The canopy layer contains the majority of the largest trees, typically 30 metres (98 ft) to 45 metres (148 ft) tall. The densest areas of biodiversity are found in the forest canopy, a more or less continuous cover of foliage formed by adjacent treetops. The canopy, by some estimates, is home to 50 percent of all plant species.

  4. Tropical rainforest - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tropical_rainforest

    Emergent or canopy trees collapse, for example, causing gaps to form. Openings in the forest canopy are widely recognized as important for the establishment and growth of rainforest trees. It is estimated that perhaps 75% of the tree species at La Selva Biological Station, Costa Rica are dependent on canopy opening for seed germination or for ...

  5. Tropical and subtropical moist broadleaf forests - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tropical_and_subtropical...

    The canopy can be divided into five layers: overstory canopy with emergent crowns, a medium layer of canopy, lower canopy, shrub level, and finally understory. [1] [3] [4] The canopy is home to many of the forest's animals, including apes and monkeys. Below the canopy, a lower understory hosts snakes and big cats.

  6. Temperate rainforest - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Temperate_rainforest

    For forests, canopy refers to the upper layer or habitat zone, formed by mature tree crowns and including other biological organisms (epiphytes, lianas, arboreal animals, etc.). The canopy level is the third level of the temperate rainforest. The trees forming the canopy, conifers, can stand as tall as 100 metres or more. A variety of species ...

  7. Cloud forest - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cloud_forest

    Tree ferns in a cloud forest on Mount Kinabalu, Borneo Stratus silvagenitus clouds in Uva Province, Sri Lanka. A cloud forest, also called a water forest, primas forest, or tropical montane cloud forest, is a generally tropical or subtropical, evergreen, montane, moist forest characterized by a persistent, frequent or seasonal low-level cloud cover, usually at the canopy level, formally ...

  8. Kelp forest - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kelp_forest

    Multiple kelp species often co-exist within a forest; the term understory canopy refers to the stipitate and prostrate kelps. For example, a Macrocystis canopy may extend many meters above the seafloor towards the ocean surface, while an understory of the kelps Eisenia and Pterygophora reaches upward only a few meters. Beneath these kelps, a ...

  9. Mangrove forest - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mangrove_forest

    The unique ecosystem found in the intricate mesh of mangrove roots offers a quiet marine habitat for young organisms. [30] In areas where roots are permanently submerged, the organisms they host include algae , barnacles , oysters , sponges , and bryozoa , which all require a hard surface for anchoring while they filter-feed.