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A seven-week-old human baby following a kinetic object. Infant vision concerns the development of visual ability in human infants from birth through the first years of life. The aspects of human vision which develop following birth include visual acuity, tracking, color perception, depth perception, and object recognition.
The first version of the LEA test was developed in 1976 by Finnish pediatric ophthalmologist Lea Hyvärinen, MD, PhD. Dr. Hyvärinen completed her thesis on fluorescein angiography and helped start the first clinical laboratory in that area while serving as a fellow at the Wilmer Eye Institute of Johns Hopkins Hospital in 1967.
The findings were that infants with Down’s syndrome were able to discriminate between novel and familiar visual stimuli but were around two months behind typical infant development. [ 3 ] Preferential looking experiments have been cited in support of hypotheses regarding a wide range of inborn cognitive capacities such as depth perception ...
Coloboma in the right eye of a 10-month-old child. There are two categories in which the signs of congenital blindness can be classified. The first category pertains to consistently poor vision, such as not displaying preferential looking when presented with high-contrast visual stimuli. [6]
From 6-12 months, children are screened at their well-child visits with the red reflex test, assessment of eye movement, and proper pupil dilation. From 1 year to 3 years of age, children often undergo a "photoscreening" test where a camera takes pictures of the child's eyes to assess for developmental abnormalities that may lead to amblyopia .
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[24] [25] [26] Recent research has even shown this ability in newborns only a few hours old. [27] However, other studies have shown similar results received by Michotte (1976) in infants as young as 6 months, but not younger. [28] [29] These studies support a more developmental progression of abilities required for the perception of causality.
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