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Sotorasib, sold under the brand names Lumakras and Lumykras, is an anti-cancer medication used to treat non-small-cell lung cancer. [4] [5] It targets a specific mutation, G12C, in the protein K-Ras encoded by gene KRAS which is responsible for various forms of cancer. [7] [8] Sotorasib is an inhibitor of the RAS GTPase family. [4]
Several germline KRAS mutations have been found to be associated with Noonan syndrome [13] and cardio-facio-cutaneous syndrome. [14] Somatic KRAS mutations are found at high rates in leukemias, colorectal cancer, [15] pancreatic cancer [16] and lung cancer. [17]
Accordingly, genetic testing to confirm the absence of KRAS mutations (and so the presence of the KRAS wild-type gene), is now clinically routine before the start of treatment with EGFR inhibitors. mCRC patients with wild-type KRAS tumors have been shown to benefit from a response rate of over 60% and a decreased risk for progression of over 40 ...
HCT116 cells have a mutation in codon 13 of the KRAS proto-oncogene, and are suitable transfection targets for gene therapy research. [2] The cells have an epithelial morphology and can metastasize in xenograft models. [1] When transducted with viral vectors carrying the p53 gene, HCT116 cells remain arrested in the G1 phase. [3]
Notable examples of potentially predictive cancer biomarkers include mutations on genes KRAS, p53, EGFR, erbB2 for colorectal, esophageal, liver, and pancreatic cancer; mutations of genes BRCA1 and BRCA2 for breast and ovarian cancer; abnormal methylation of tumor suppressor genes p16, CDKN2B, and p14ARF for brain cancer; hypermethylation of ...
Mutation of deoxycytidine kinase or loss of expression results in resistance to arabinoside. [2] Growth factor expression levels can also promote resistance to antineoplastic therapies. [2] In breast cancer, drug resistant cells were found to express high levels of IL-6, while sensitive cells did not express significant levels of the growth factor.
mRNA-5671 also known as V941 is a cancer vaccine candidate developed by Moderna. [1] It is a tetravalent vaccine that targets G12D, G12V, G13D or G12C driver mutations in the KRAS gene. [ 2 ] It is currently being evaluated for the treatment of either non-small cell lung cancer , colorectal cancers with microsatellite instability , or ...
Selumetinib, had a phase 2 clinical trial for non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) which demonstrated an improvement in PFS, [5] and is now in phase III development in KRAS mutation positive NSCLC (SELECT-1, NCT01933932). Other ph 3 clinical trials underway include uveal melanoma (failed), and differentiated thyroid carcinoma.
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