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  2. Phosphate conversion coating - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Phosphate_conversion_coating

    Phosphate conversion coating. Phosphate conversion coating is a chemical treatment applied to steel parts that creates a thin adhering layer of iron, zinc, or manganese phosphates to improve corrosion resistance or lubrication or as a foundation for subsequent coatings or painting. [1][2][3] It is one of the most common types of conversion ...

  3. Comparison of commercial battery types - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Comparison_of_commercial...

    Common characteristics. Rechargeable characteristics. Thermal runaway. NiCd vs. NiMH vs. Li-ion vs. Li–polymer vs. LTO. See also. References. Comparison of commercial battery types. This is a list of commercially-available battery types summarizing some of their characteristics for ready comparison.

  4. Manganese(II) phosphate - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Manganese(II)_phosphate

    Except where otherwise noted, data are given for materials in their standard state (at 25 °C [77 °F], 100 kPa). Manganese (II) phosphate is an inorganic compound with the chemical formula Mn3(PO4)2. It has industrial importance as a constituent of manganese based phosphate conversion coatings.

  5. Bluing (steel) - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bluing_(steel)

    Bluing, sometimes spelled as blueing, is a passivation process in which steel is partially protected against rust using a black oxide coating. It is named after the blue-black appearance of the resulting protective finish. Bluing involves an electrochemical conversion coating resulting from an oxidizing chemical reaction with iron on the ...

  6. Black oxide - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Black_oxide

    Black oxide or blackening is a conversion coating for ferrous materials, stainless steel, copper and copper based alloys, zinc, powdered metals, and silver solder. [ 1 ] It is used to add mild corrosion resistance, for appearance, and to minimize light reflection. [ 2 ] To achieve maximal corrosion resistance the black oxide must be impregnated ...

  7. Lithium iron phosphate - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lithium_iron_phosphate

    Lithium iron phosphate or lithium ferro-phosphate (LFP) is an inorganic compound with the formula LiFePO. 4. It is a gray, red-grey, brown or black solid that is insoluble in water. The material has attracted attention as a component of lithium iron phosphate batteries, [1] a type of Li-ion battery. [2]

  8. Manganese - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Manganese

    Manganese(IV) oxide was used in the original type of dry cell battery as an electron acceptor from zinc, and is the blackish material in carbon–zinc type flashlight cells. The manganese dioxide is reduced to the manganese oxide-hydroxide MnO(OH) during discharging, preventing the formation of hydrogen at the anode of the battery. [80]

  9. Passivation (chemistry) - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Passivation_(chemistry)

    Passivation involves creation of an outer layer of shield material that is applied as a microcoating, created by chemical reaction with the base material, or allowed to build by spontaneous oxidation in the air. As a technique, passivation is the use of a light coat of a protective material, such as metal oxide, to create a shield against ...