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The rRNA is the component of the ribosome that hosts translation. Eukaryotic ribosomes contain four different rRNA molecules: 18S, 5.8S, 28S and 5S rRNA. Three of the rRNA molecules are synthesized in the nucleolus, and one is synthesized elsewhere. In the cytoplasm, ribosomal RNA and protein combine to form a nucleoprotein called a ribosome.
Bacterial 16S ribosomal RNA, 23S ribosomal RNA, and 5S rRNA genes are typically organized as a co-transcribed operon. As shown by the image in this section, there is an internal transcribed spacer between 16S and 23S rRNA genes. [28] There may be one or more copies of the operon dispersed in the genome (for example, Escherichia coli has seven ...
16S ribosomal RNA (or 16S rRNA) is the RNA component of the 30S subunit of a prokaryotic ribosome . It binds to the Shine-Dalgarno sequence and provides most of the SSU structure. The genes coding for it are referred to as 16S rRNA genes and are used in reconstructing phylogenies , due to the slow rates of evolution of this region of the gene ...
The ribosome is a complex cellular machine. It is largely made up of specialized RNA known as ribosomal RNA (rRNA) as well as dozens of distinct proteins (the exact number varies slightly between species). The ribosomal proteins and rRNAs are arranged into two distinct ribosomal pieces of different sizes, known generally as the large and small ...
rRNA: ribosomal RNA multiple families: 5S rRNA: 5S ribosomal RNA RF00001: 5.8S rRNA: 5.8S ribosomal RNA RF00002: SSU rRNA: small subunit ribosomal RNA CL00111: LSU rRNA: large subunit ribosomal RNA CL00112: NoRC RNA: nucleolar remodeling complex associated RNA RF01518: pRNA promoter RNA RF01518: synonym of NoRC RNA: 6S RNA: 6S RNA RF00013: SsrS ...
The 40S subunit contains a 18S ribosomal RNA (abbreviated 18S rRNA), which is homologous to the prokaryotic 16S rRNA. The 60S subunit contains a 28S rRNA that is homologous to the prokaryotic 23S ribosomal RNA. In addition, it contains a 5.8S rRNA that corresponds to the 5' end of the 23S rRNA, and a short 5S rRNA.
The 23S rRNA is divided into six secondary structural domains titled I-VI, with the corresponding 5S rRNA being considered domain VII. [3] The ribosomal peptidyl transferase activity resides in domain V of this rRNA, which is also the most common binding site for antibiotics that inhibit translation, making it a target for ribosomal engineering ...
The ribosomal DNA includes all genes coding for the non-coding structural ribosomal RNA molecules. Across all domains of life, these are the structural sequences of the small subunit (16S or 18S rRNA) and the large subunit (23S or 28S rRNA). The assembly of the latter also include the 5S rRNA as well as the additional 5.8S rRNA in eukaryotes.