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HFS Plus or HFS+ (also known as Mac OS Extended or HFS Extended [5]) is a journaling file system developed by Apple Inc. It replaced the Hierarchical File System (HFS) as the primary file system of Apple computers with the 1998 release of Mac OS 8.1.
Hierarchical File System (HFS) is a proprietary file system developed by Apple Inc. for use in computer systems running Mac OS. Originally designed for use on floppy and hard disks, it can also be found on read-only media such as CD-ROMs.
Default file system used in various operating systems. Release year Operating system File system ... (HFS+) 1998: Windows 98: FAT32 with VFAT: 2000 SUSE Linux ...
Apple File System was announced at Apple's developers’ conference (WWDC) in June 2016 as a replacement for HFS+, which had been in use since 1998. [11] [12] APFS was released for 64-bit iOS devices on March 27, 2017, with the release of iOS 10.3, and for macOS devices on September 25, 2017, with the release of macOS 10.13.
The hierarchical file system was used instead of simply expanding the flat directory for performance reasons. "A flat DOS file structure with a single directory and 10 times as many files would logically require 10 times as long to search." [2] OS/2 and Windows also support a hierarchical file system, using the same path syntax as DOS.
HFS – Hierarchical File System, in use until HFS+ was introduced on Mac OS 8.1. Also known as Mac OS Standard format. Successor to Macintosh File System (MFS) & predecessor to HFS+; not to be confused with IBM's HFS provided with z/OS; HFS+ – Updated version of Apple's HFS, Hierarchical File System, supported on Mac OS 8.1 & above ...
If a crash occurs after step 1 and before step 2, there will be an orphaned inode and hence a storage leak; if a crash occurs between steps 2 and 3, then the blocks previously used by the file cannot be used for new files, effectively decreasing the storage capacity of the file system. Re-arranging the steps does not help, either.
File system Stores file owner POSIX file permissions Creation timestamps Last access/ read timestamps Last metadata change timestamps Last archive timestamps Access control lists