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The Iliad (/ ˈ ɪ l i ə d / ⓘ; [1] Ancient Greek: Ἰλιάς, romanized: Iliás, ; lit. ' [a poem] about Ilion (Troy) ') is one of two major ancient Greek epic poems attributed to Homer. It is one of the oldest extant works of literature still widely read by modern audiences.
Map of Homeric Greece. In the debate since antiquity over the Catalogue of Ships, the core questions have concerned the extent of historical credibility of the account, whether it was composed by Homer himself, to what extent it reflects a pre-Homeric document or memorized tradition, surviving perhaps in part from Mycenaean times, or whether it is a result of post-Homeric development. [2]
[1] [2] In Homer's Iliad, the Myrmidons are the soldiers commanded by Achilles. [3] Their eponymous ancestor was Myrmidon, a king of Phthiotis, who was a son of Zeus and "wide-ruling" Eurymedousa, a princess of Phthiotis. In one account, Zeus seduced Eurymedousa in the form of an ant. [4]
An analysis of the structure and vocabulary of the Iliad and Odyssey shows that the poems contain many regular and repeated phrases; indeed, even entire verses are repeated. Thus according to the theory, the Iliad and Odyssey may have been products of oral-formulaic composition , composed on the spot by the poet using a collection of memorized ...
A text which does not survive, known as "ApH" for its authors "Apion and Herodorus", is key to all reconstructions of this relationship. Eustathius in his own commentary on the Iliad frequently refers to "Apion and Herodorus" as a source, and a comparison between them shows that the relationship between "ApH" and the A scholia is a close one.
The second-century AD writer Lucian of Samosata was a Greek, who wrote primarily works of satire. [1] Ancient Greek literature has had a profound impact on later Greek literature and also western literature at large. In particular, many ancient Roman authors drew inspiration from their Greek predecessors.
Agamemnon takes her from Achilles in Book 1 and Achilles withdraws from battle as a result. Chryseis, Chryses’ daughter, taken as a war prize by Agamemnon. Clymene, servant of Helen along with her mother Aethra. Diomede, a slave woman of Achilles' whom he took from Lesbos. Hecamede, a woman taken from Tenedos and given to Nestor. She mixes ...
Aristeiai abound in Homer's Iliad, [6] the peak being Achilles' aristeia in Books 20–22 where he almost single-handedly routs the Trojan army and then goes on to kill its champion Hector. Achilles' "extended and phenomenal solo performances in battle" [7] are shown in the epic's "longest and most murderous" series of events.