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A map of Europe in the Bronze Age, showing the Atlantic network in red. In the late 20th century, the Urnfield-Hallstatt theory began to fall out of favour with some scholars, which was influenced by new archaeological finds. 'Celtic' began to refer primarily to 'speakers of Celtic languages' rather than to a single culture or ethnic group. [11]
Map 8: Gaul (58 BC) with important tribes, towns, rivers, etc. and early Roman provinces. Map 9: Gaul on the eve of Roman conquest (Celtica, which included Armorica, Belgica and Aquitania Propria were conquered while Narbonensis was conquered earlier, already ruled by the Roman Republic). The map shows the ethnic and linguistic kinship of the ...
The Celtic languages (usually pronounced / ˈ k ɛ l t ɪ k / but sometimes / ˈ s ɛ l t ɪ k /) [244] are descended from Proto-Celtic, or "Common Celtic"; a branch of the greater Indo-European language family. The term "Celtic" was first used to describe this language group by Edward Lhuyd in 1707. [245]
The Celtic military pressure toward Greece in the southern Balkans reached its turning point in 281 BC. The collapse of Lysimachus' successor kingdom in Thrace opened the way for the migration. [5] The cause for this is explained by Pausanias as greed for loot, [6] by Justin as a result of overpopulation, [7] and by Memnon as the result of ...
The Celtic nations or Celtic countries [1] are a cultural area and collection of geographical regions in Northwestern Europe where the Celtic languages and cultural traits have survived. [2] The term nation is used in its original sense to mean a people who share a common identity and culture and are identified with a traditional territory.
The Britons (*Pritanī, Latin: Britanni, Welsh: Brythoniaid), also known as Celtic Britons [1] or Ancient Britons, were the indigenous Celtic people [2] who inhabited Great Britain from at least the British Iron Age until the High Middle Ages, at which point they diverged into the Welsh, Cornish, and Bretons (among others). [2]
The Celtiberian presence remains on the map of Spain in hundreds of Celtic place-names. The archaeological recovery of Celtiberian culture commenced with the excavations of Numantia, published between 1914 and 1931. A Roman army auxiliary unit, the Cohors I Celtiberorum, is known from Britain, attested by 2nd century AD discharge diplomas. [16]
Celtic socketed axes and tools from the Bronze Age in Transylvania, Romania. Large areas of ancient Dacia, which were populated early in the First Iron Age by Thracian people, were affected by a massive migration of Iranian Scythians moving east to west during the first half of the first millennium BC.