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Neostigmine is an inhibitor of acetylcholinesterase. Neostigmine binds to the anionic and ester site of acetylcholinesterase, which blocks the enzyme from breaking down the acetylcholine molecules before they reach the postsynaptic membrane receptors. Its action leads to the accumulation of acetylcholine in the neuromuscular junction that ...
The effects are varied depending on the particular drug given. When anesthetists administer standard doses of these anesthetic drugs to a person with pseudocholinesterase deficiency, the patient experiences prolonged paralysis of the respiratory muscles, requiring an extended period of time during which the patient must be mechanically ventilated.
Pseudocholinesterase deficiency may also affect local anaesthetic selection in dental procedures. The enzyme plays an important role in the metabolism of ester-based local anaesthetics, a deficiency lowers the margin of safety and increases the risk of systemic effects with this type of anaesthetic.
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Consider low-dose acetylcholinesterase inhibitor (e.g., neostigmine or pyridostigmine) before feeding if results of a pharmacological challenge test are positive Moderate: Inadequate Oral feeding but no respiratory distress: Nasogastric tube feedings, an acetylcholinesterase inhibitor, and consider giving intravenous immunoglobulin Severe
Acetylcholine Acetylcholinesterase Acetylcholinesterase inhibition. Acetylcholinesterase inhibitors (AChEIs) also often called cholinesterase inhibitors, [1] inhibit the enzyme acetylcholinesterase from breaking down the neurotransmitter acetylcholine into choline and acetate, [2] thereby increasing both the level and duration of action of acetylcholine in the central nervous system, autonomic ...
This test requires the intravenous administration of edrophonium chloride or neostigmine, drugs that block the breakdown of acetylcholine by cholinesterase (acetylcholinesterase inhibitors). [60] This test is no longer typically performed, as its use can lead to life-threatening bradycardia (slow heart rate) which requires immediate emergency ...
Butyrylcholinesterase (HGNC symbol BCHE; EC 3.1.1.8), also known as BChE, BuChE, BuChase, pseudocholinesterase, or plasma (cholin)esterase, [5] is a nonspecific cholinesterase enzyme that hydrolyses many different choline-based esters. In humans, it is made in the liver, found mainly in blood plasma, and encoded by the BCHE gene. [6]