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Craftsmanship was, and is, an important value in timber-frame building. The oldest timber-frame structures (for example, the timber framed stave churches of Scandinavia) show both craftsmanship and a strong grasp of the technical aspects of structural design, as do such structures in Japan. [citation needed] Timber framing typically uses a "bent."
Structures built by non-human animals, often called animal architecture, [1] are common in many species. Examples of animal structures include termite mounds , ant hills , wasp and beehives , burrow complexes, beaver dams , elaborate nests of birds , and webs of spiders .
Framing side by side units The erection of a wooden frame in Sabah, Malaysia The construction frames of a residential subdivision in Rogers, Minnesota in 2023. Framing, in construction, is the fitting together of pieces to give a structure, particularly a building, support and shape. [1]
A unique type of timber-frame house can be found in the region where the borders of Germany, the Czech Republic, and Poland meet – it is called the Upper Lusatian house (Umgebindehaus, translates as round-framed house). This type has a timber frame surrounding a log structure on part of the ground floor. [citation needed]
The ruins of a Han dynasty (202 BCE – 220 CE) Chinese watchtower made of rammed earth in Dunhuang, Province of Gansu, China, at the eastern end of the Silk Road.. Rammed earth is a technique for constructing foundations, floors, and walls using compacted natural raw materials such as earth, chalk, lime, or gravel. [1]
Few homeowner or professional remodelers have the skill and equipment needed to alter steel-frame structures. [22] Structural wood members can typically be reclaimed and reused for the same or similar purpose with only minor modifications or wastage, or remilled and fashioned into alternate products such as window and door frames.
The frame of the structure uses "siles" or "couples" (a type of fork) for the end walls. The walls do not support the roof, which is instead carried on the cruck frame. This type of building is common throughout England, Scotland and Wales, although only a few intact examples have survived. [41]
Cruck framing, Leigh Court Barn, Worcester, England The Moirlanich Longhouse, a byre dwelling with a cruck frame A cruck or crook frame is a curved timber, one of a pair, which support the roof of a building, historically used in England and Wales.