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The code is used to transmit standard messages, sometimes with customized text, very quickly by experienced ARRL National Traffic System (NTS) message traffic handlers. In use, ARRL Numbered Radiograms are messages encoded as one or two numbers. The numbers are always written down as words, and are always preceded by the procedure word "ARL".
This assigns full sentences to each of 48 different numbers, which are spelled out in the message and preceded by the procedure word "ARL". For example, "ARL FORTY SIX" is the brevity code for "Happy birthday", and is expanded upon delivery outside of the NTS system to "Greetings on your birthday and best wishes for many more to come.".
Visual representation of traffic passing of ARRL radiograms between various nets, from Wisconsin to California. The National Traffic System (NTS) is an organized network of amateur radio operators sponsored by the American Radio Relay League for the purpose of relaying messages throughout the U.S. and Canada.
Prior to the advent of macOS, the classic Mac OS system regarded the content of a file (the data fork) to be a text file when its resource fork indicated that the type of the file was "TEXT". [7] Lines of classic Mac OS text files are terminated with CR characters. [8] Being a Unix-like system, macOS uses Unix format for text files. [8]
A binary file is a file that contains information in the same format in which the information is held in memory, i.e. in the binary form. In a binary file, there is no delimiter for a line. Also no translations occur in binary files. As a result, binary files are faster and easier for a program to read and write than the text files.
Typically the text of the original document is held in one immutable block, and the text of each subsequent insert is stored in new immutable blocks. Because even deleted text is still included in the piece table, this makes multi-level or unlimited undo easier to implement with a piece table than with alternative data structures such as a gap ...
The C programming language provides many standard library functions for file input and output.These functions make up the bulk of the C standard library header <stdio.h>. [1] The functionality descends from a "portable I/O package" written by Mike Lesk at Bell Labs in the early 1970s, [2] and officially became part of the Unix operating system in Version 7.
The term "segment" comes from the memory segment, which is a historical approach to memory management that has been succeeded by paging.When a program is stored in an object file, the code segment is a part of this file; when the loader places a program into memory so that it may be executed, various memory regions are allocated (in particular, as pages), corresponding to both the segments in ...