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The major ethno-linguistic groups within Indonesia. Indonesia recognizes only a single national language, and indigenous languages are recognized at the regional level, although policies vary from one region to another. For example, in the Special Region of Yogyakarta, the Javanese language is the region's official language along with ...
However, there are also regional variations in addition to these five usually used by local politicians or officials, [9] usually ethnic greetings in regional languages such as "Sampurasun" (which roughly means an apology, delivered before conversation [10]), a traditional Sundanese greeting, [3] "rahayu", roughly meaning "greetings" or "safety ...
Until 1600 AD, Sundanese was the state language in the kingdoms of Salakanagara, Tarumanagara, Sunda, Galuh, Pajajaran, and Sumedang Larang. During this period, Sundanese was heavily influenced by the Sanskrit language as seen in the Batu Tapak Kaki Kiri Nyoreang inscription at the time of King Purnawarman, using the Pallava script.
[15] [16] One of the features of ancient Sundanese that can be distinguished from the structure of modern Sundanese is the use of the predicate-subject pattern in the sentence structure of the ancient Sundanese language with predicates in the form of a verb (verb) and a subject in the form of a noun (noun) which is quite consistent. [16]
In Indonesia, however, there is a clear distinction between "Malay language" (bahasa Melayu) and "Indonesian" (bahasa Indonesia). Indonesian is the national language which serves as the unifying language of Indonesia; despite being a standardized form of Malay, it is not referred to with the term "Malay" in common parlance. [18]
As part of the Sundanese family, baduyut also bears the same meaning in Old and Modern Sundanese. It is likely that in ancient times, there was a river called Baduyut, as the term Cibaduyut ( ᮎᮤᮘᮓᮥᮚᮥᮒ᮪ ) itself literally means "Baduyut River" in the Sundanese language, thus it is possible that this tribe was named after the river.
Pegon (Javanese and Sundanese: اَكسارا ڤَيڮَون , Aksara Pégon; also known as اَبجَد ڤَيڮَون , Abjad Pégon, Madurese: أبجاْد ڤَيگو, Abjâd Pèghu) [3] is a modified Arabic script used to write the Javanese, Sundanese, and Madurese languages, as an alternative to the Latin script or the Javanese script [4] and the Old Sundanese script. [5]
The new glyphs have been developed through re-use of letter found in the old Sundanese script. For example, the letters fa and va are variants of Old Sundanese pa; qa and xa are variants of Old Sundanese ka, and za is a variant of Old Sundanese ja. There are two non-standard consonants, kha and sha, used for transcribing the Arabic consonants ...