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GC–MS is extensively used for the analysis of these compounds which include esters, fatty acids, alcohols, aldehydes, terpenes etc. It is also used to detect and measure contaminants from spoilage or adulteration which may be harmful and which is often controlled by governmental agencies, for example pesticides .
The GC-MS system is more expensive to purchase and maintain, requires considerable skill to operate, and is typically used for qualitative analysis only. Identification of fatty acids using the GC-FID system is typically use for both qualitative and quantitative analysis of FAMEs, and is usually dependent on comparison of retention times of the ...
The detection as well as the quantitative determination of lactobacillic acid is carried out - as is usual for fatty acids - by gas chromatography of the methyl ester, often as gas chromatography with mass spectrometry coupling (GC/MS). [21] Because of the cyclopropane ring, however, care must be taken to use a suitable methylation reagent. [17]
GC-MS has traditionally been used for qualitative compound profiling, but falls short where isobaric analytes are prevalent. It especially struggles with differentiating cis and trans fatty acid isomers. Electron impact ionization can also cause double bond migration and lead to ambiguous fatty acid structural data.
The chemical analysis of fatty acids in lipids typically begins with an interesterification step that breaks down their original esters (triglycerides, waxes, phospholipids etc.) and converts them to methyl esters, which are then separated by gas chromatography [37] or analyzed by gas chromatography and mid-infrared spectroscopy.
GC-C-IRMS analysis of archaeological ceramics is mainly focused on the presence of palmitic (C 16:0) and stearic acid (C 18:0), making this type of analysis then a compound-specific one. By plotting the 饾浛 13 C values of C 16:0 against C 18:0 in modern references and archaeological samples.
The unpredictable fate of ions is generally detrimental to LC/MS analysis, but like most processes, once they are better understood, these properties can be exploited to enhance performance. For example, the role of dopant in APPI, first developed and patented for the atmospheric ion source of ion mobility spectrometry (IMS), [ 4 ] [ 5 ] was ...
In gas chromatography, the Kovats retention index (shorter Kovats index, retention index; plural retention indices) is used to convert retention times into system-independent constants. The index is named after the Hungarian-born Swiss chemist Ervin Kováts , who outlined the concept in the 1950s while performing research into the composition ...
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