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Oocyte cryopreservation is a procedure to preserve a woman's eggs . The technique is often used to delay pregnancy . At the time pregnancy is desired, the eggs can be thawed, fertilized, and transferred to the uterus as embryos .
Semen, embryos, oocytes, somatic cells, nuclear DNA, and other types of biomaterial such as blood and serum can be stored using cryopreservation, in order to preserve genetic materials. [ 3 ] [ 4 ] The primary benefit of cryoconservation is the ability to save germplasms for extended periods of time, therefore maintaining the genetic diversity ...
The immature oocytes are retrieved from the artificial ovary and cultured in vitro for a further 24–48 hours, allowing them to mature oocytes which are ready for IVF or vitrification (cryopreservation). [7]
Transvaginal oocyte retrieval is more properly referred to as transvaginal ovum retrieval when the oocytes have matured into ova, as is normally the case in IVF. It can be also performed for egg donation , oocyte cryopreservation and other assisted reproduction technology such as ICSI .
Tissue can then be thawed and implanted near the fallopian, either orthotopic (on the natural location) or heterotopic (on the abdominal wall), [2] where it starts to produce new eggs, allowing normal conception to take place. [4] A study of 60 procedures concluded that ovarian tissue harvesting appears to be safe. [2]
The same study found that, of 65 patients referred to the program, 28% declined to undergo embryo, oocyte, or tissue cryopreservation. 9% were found not to be eligible for medical reasons. Of the remaining 41 patients, 85% chose to cryopreserve embryos, 10% chose to cryopreserve oocytes, and 5% chose to undergo ovarian tissue freezing. [9]
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Cryopreservation of Oocytes Cryopreservation techniques have significantly evolved in recent decades, enabling the long-term storage of human oocytes and embryos for fertility preservation. The introduction of vitrification , a rapid-freezing method that prevents the formation of ice crystals, has markedly improved post-thaw survival rates and ...