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The term sister group is used in phylogenetic analysis, however, only groups identified in the analysis are labeled as "sister groups".. An example is birds, whose commonly cited living sister group is the crocodiles, but that is true only when discussing extant organisms; [3] [4] when other, extinct groups are considered, the relationship between birds and crocodiles appears distant.
The authors concluded that Lithornis was a close sister taxon to tinamous, rather than ostriches, and that the lithornithiforms + tinamous were the most basal paleognaths. They concluded that all ratites, therefore, were monophyletic, descending from one common ancestor that became flightless.
All species in this genus have black and white plumage. The plumage of the sexes is similar, but the casque of the male is larger than that of the female. Recent genetic data shows that Bycanistes is the sister taxon to ground hornbills, this clade having diverged from the rest of the hornbill lineage early on. [2]
Evidence from fossils and DNA sequencing shows that Pan is a sister taxon to the human lineage and is thus humans' closest living relative. The chimpanzee is covered in coarse black hair but has a bare face, fingers, toes, palms of the hands, and soles of the feet.
The cockatiel is alternatively placed basal to all other cockatoo species, [13] [23] as the sister taxon to the black cockatoo species of the genus Calyptorhynchus [16] [22] [24] or as the sister taxon to a clade consisting of the white and pink cockatoo genera as well as the palm cockatoo. [14]
In a 2012 molecular study, von Reumont et al. challenge the monophyly of Vericrustacea: they present four versions of Pancrustacea cladogram (figures 1–4), and in all four figures Remipedia is a sister group to Hexapoda, and Branchiopoda is a sister group to (Remipedia + Hexapoda). Thus, their data strongly suggest that Branchiopoda is more ...
A phylogenetic analysis of early archosaurs by paleontologist Sterling Nesbitt (2011) found strong support for a sister taxon relationship between phytosaurs and Archosauria. [2] If this is the case, phytosaurs would be placed outside Pseudosuchia in a more basal position among archosauriforms.
Eucladocera (no evidence for grouping together all other cladocerans as the sister taxon to the monotypic Haplopoda (Leptodora)) The Diplostraca or Cladocera , commonly known as water fleas , is a superorder of small, mostly freshwater crustaceans , most of which feed on microscopic chunks of organic matter, though some forms are predatory.