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The largest Antarctic ozone hole recorded (September 2006) 2012 retrospective video by NASA on the Montreal Protocol The Montreal Protocol on Substances That Deplete the Ozone Layer is an international treaty designed to protect the ozone layer by phasing out the production of numerous substances that are responsible for ozone depletion.
Because the Protocol was created in the 1980s and countries economic situations have changed, the Kigali Amendment created three updated groups for compliance with the additional terms. [ 18 ] The first group, which includes the "old" industrialized countries, is committed to reducing the use of HFCs by 45% by 2024 and by 85% by 2036, compared ...
The treaty outlines a schedule for the phase-out of key substances such as CFCs, HCFCs, and halons. The Kigali Amendment to the Montreal Protocol, agreed upon in 2016, included provisions for the phase-down of HFCs, which are potent greenhouse gases but do not deplete the ozone layer. [5]
On 24 February 1988 in Montreal, the Protocol for the Suppression of Unlawful Acts of Violence at Airports serving International Civil Aviation was signed as a supplement to the convention. The Protocol makes it an offence to commit similarly violent, dangerous, or damaging acts in airports that serve civil aviation.
Pages for logged out editors learn more. Contributions; Talk; Montreal Protocol on Substances that Deplete the Ozone Layer. ... Montreal Protocol; Retrieved from ...
The development of Hydrofluoroolefins (HFOs) as replacements for Hydrochlorofluorocarbons and Hydrofluorocarbons began after the Kigali amendment to the Montreal Protocol in 2016, which called for the phase out of high global warming potential (GWP) refrigerants and to replace them with other refrigerants with a lower GWP, closer to that of ...
An international environmental agreement or sometimes environmental protocol, is a type of treaty binding in international law, allowing them to reach an environmental goal. In other words, it is "an intergovernmental document intended as legally binding with a primary stated purpose of preventing or managing human impacts on natural resources ."
In 2016, negotiators from over 170 nations meeting at the summit of the United Nations Environment Programme reached a legally binding accord to phase out hydrofluorocarbons (HFCs) in the Kigali Amendment to the Montreal Protocol. [27] [28] [29] The use of CFC-12 (except some essential uses) has been phased out due to its ozone depleting ...