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The Augustus of Prima Porta (Italian: Augusto di Prima Porta) is a full-length portrait statue of Augustus, the first Roman emperor. The statue was discovered on April 20, 1863, during archaeological excavations directed by Giuseppe Gagliardi at the Villa of Livia owned by Augustus' third and final wife, Livia Drusilla in Prima Porta .
However, Maria Brosius explains that Augustus used the return of the standards as propaganda symbolizing the submission of Parthia to Rome. The event was celebrated in art such as the breastplate design on the statue Augustus of Prima Porta and in monuments such as the Temple of Mars Ultor ('Mars the Avenger') built to house the standards.
The Augustus of Prima Porta, one of the best-preserved examples of a standard type of official portrait.He created during the Roman Empire for the first time an administrative region called Italia with inhabitants called Italicus Populus; for this reason historians called him Father of Italians.
The Augustus of Prima Porta is an example of an adlocutio pose. In ancient Rome the Latin word adlocutio means an address given by a general, usually the emperor, to his massed army and legions. The research of adlocutio focuses on the art of statuary and coinage aspects.
Detail of the Augustus of Prima Porta, a statue of Emperor Augustus, portrayed in military parade gear.On the breastplate is depicted the scene of the handing over of the legionary standards of Marcus Licinius Crassus by the king of the Parthians, Phraates IV
Conversely, the statues of Augustus of Prima Porta and of Via Labicana Augustus have a composure reminiscent of Polykleitos and the other classical Greek sculptors. These show an expression of proud reserve, a disposition Augustus demonstrated in his Res Gestae Divi Augusti. The official iconography of Augustus was widespread.
The central breastplate relief on the statue of Augustus of Prima Porta shows the return of the Aquila (Roman eagle standard) lost to the Parthians. Roman Coin showing the Aquila (Roman eagle standard) in the Temple of Mars the Avenger.
The use of steel plates sewn into flak jackets dates to World War II, and was replaced by more modern materials such as fibre-reinforced plastic, since the mid-20th century. Mail armour is a layer of protective clothing worn most commonly from the 9th to the 13th century, though it would continue to be worn under plate armour until the 15th ...