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The Apastamba Dharmasutra is the 28th and 29th prashna of this compilation, [16] while the first 24 prashnas are about Shrautasutras (vedic rituals), 25th is an ancillary mantra section, 26th and 27th are Grihyasutras (householder rites of passage), and the last or the 30th prashna is a Shulbasutra (mathematics for altar building).
Four Dharmasūtras have been translated into English, and most remain in manuscripts. [27] All carry the names of their authors, but it is still difficult to determine who these real authors were. [26] The extant Dharmasūtra texts are listed below: Apastamba (450–350 BCE) this Dharmasūtra forms a part of the larger Kalpasūtra of Apastamba ...
The oldest is the sutra attributed to Baudhayana, possibly compiled around 800 BCE to 500 BCE. [2] Pingree says that the Apastamba is likely the next oldest; he places the Katyayana and the Manava third and fourth chronologically, on the basis of apparent borrowings. [3]
The Dharmasūtra of Baudhāyana like that of Apastamba also forms a part of the larger Kalpasutra. Likewise, it is composed of praśnas which literally means 'questions' or books. The structure of this Dharmasūtra is not very clear because it came down in an incomplete manner.
The surviving scriptures of Jaina tradition, such as the Acaranga Sutra , exist in sutra format, [10] as is the Tattvartha Sutra, a Sanskrit text accepted by all four Jainism sects as the most authoritative philosophical text that completely summarizes the foundations of Jainism.
The Kalpa field of study traces its roots to the Brahmana layer of texts in the Vedas, [10] however its texts are more focussed, clear, short and practical for ceremonies. [8] [11] Kalpa Sutras are related to the Karma kanda, or ritual parts of the Veda, in contrast to the Upanishads which are the Jnana kanda, or the knowledge part.
The Apastamba, Hiranyakeshin, Vaikhanasa and Baudhayana schools have survived with all their texts intact, ... English: archive.org: Kandas 1-3 and Kandas 4-7 ;
Each of six major schools of Hinduism has its own literature on dharma. Examples include Dharma-sutras (particularly by Gautama, Apastamba, Baudhayana and Vāsiṣṭha) and Dharma-sastras (particularly Manusmṛti, Yājñavalkya Smṛti, Nāradasmṛti and Viṣṇusmṛti). At the personal dharma level, this includes many chapters of Yogasutras.