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A cat eating grass – an example of zoopharmacognosy. Zoopharmacognosy is a behaviour in which non-human animals self-medicate by selecting and ingesting or topically applying plants, soils and insects with medicinal properties, to prevent or reduce the harmful effects of pathogens, toxins, and even other animals.
Zoopharmacognosy is the study of how animals select certain plants as self-medication to treat or prevent disease. [5] Usually, this behavior is a result of coevolution between the animal and the plant that it uses for self-medication. [ 5 ]
This behavior was controversially depicted in the 1974 documentary Animals Are Beautiful People: the crew of the film reportedly staged the scene, either by soaking the fruit in alcohol before allowing animals to eat it, [4] or by simply injecting the animals with a veterinary anesthetic to elicit symptoms of intoxication. [5]
Self-administration is, in its medical sense, the process of a subject administering a pharmacological substance to themself. A clinical example of this is the subcutaneous "self-injection" of insulin by a diabetic patient. In animal experimentation, self-administration is a form of operant conditioning where the reward is a drug. This drug can ...
The study indicated that the social context strongly influences behavior and drug effects, offering insights into individual differences in drug self-administration. It emphasized the need to consider the influence of social factors when developing treatments for cocaine use disorders, tailoring interventions to individuals based on their ...
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Animal ingredients in TCM include animal parts such as tiger bones, rhino horns, deer antlers, and snake bile. [18] The use of animal parts in TCM have been definitively linked to the extinction of wildlife. [19] One example of this link is the pangolin trade, which has led the pangolin to be called the world's "most trafficked mammal."
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