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Smallpox was an infectious disease caused by variola virus (often called smallpox virus), which belongs to the genus Orthopoxvirus. [7] [11] The last naturally occurring case was diagnosed in October 1977, and the World Health Organization (WHO) certified the global eradication of the disease in 1980, [10] making smallpox the only human disease to have been eradicated to date.
Smallpox was a dangerous disease caused by the variola major virus. The most common type of smallpox, ordinary, historically has devastated populations with a 30% death rate. The smallpox virus is transmittable through bodily fluids and materials contaminated with infected materials.
Diseases associated with this genus include smallpox, cowpox, horsepox, camelpox, and mpox. [ 1 ] [ 2 ] The most widely known member of the genus is Variola virus , which causes smallpox. It was eradicated globally by 1977, through the use of Vaccinia virus as a vaccine .
1924–1925 Minnesota smallpox epidemic; 1947 New York City smallpox outbreak; 1962-1965 rubella epidemic [2] 1976 Philadelphia Legionnaires' disease outbreak; 1976 swine flu outbreak; 1987 Carroll County cryptosporidiosis outbreak; 1990–1991 Philadelphia measles outbreak; 1993 Four Corners hantavirus outbreak; 1992–1993 Jack in the Box E ...
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1789 Sydney smallpox outbreak; 1837 Great Plains smallpox epidemic; 1856 Guam smallpox epidemic; 1862 Pacific Northwest smallpox epidemic; 1896 Gloucester smallpox epidemic; 1924–1925 Minnesota smallpox epidemic; 1947 New York City smallpox outbreak; 1963 smallpox epidemic in Wrocław; 1966 smallpox outbreak in the United Kingdom; 1972 ...
Smallpox has had a major impact on world history, not least because indigenous populations of regions where smallpox was non-native, such as the Americas and Australia, were rapidly and greatly reduced by smallpox (along with other introduced diseases) during periods of initial foreign contact, which helped pave the way for conquest and ...
The Latin term used for Cowpox was Variolae vaccinae, Jenner's own translation of "smallpox of the cow". That term lent its name to the whole idea of vaccination. [29] When it was realized that the virus used in smallpox vaccination was not, or was no longer, the same as cowpox virus, the name 'vaccinia' was used for the virus in smallpox vaccine.