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Bromomethane, commonly known as methyl bromide, is an organobromine compound with formula C H 3 Br. This colorless, odorless, nonflammable gas is produced both industrially and biologically. This colorless, odorless, nonflammable gas is produced both industrially and biologically.
Bromoform was discovered in 1832 by Löwig who distilled a mixture of bromal and potassium hydroxide, as analogous to preparation of chloroform from chloral. [5]Bromoform can be prepared by the haloform reaction using acetone and sodium hypobromite, by the electrolysis of potassium bromide in ethanol, or by treating chloroform with aluminium bromide.
Some organisms can oxidize methane, functionally reversing the process of methanogenesis, also referred to as the anaerobic oxidation of methane (AOM). Organisms performing AOM have been found in multiple marine and freshwater environments including methane seeps, hydrothermal vents, coastal sediments and sulfate-methane transition zones. [8]
The preparation of EtBr stands as a model for the synthesis of bromoalkanes in general. It is usually prepared by the addition of hydrogen bromide to ethene: . H 2 C=CH 2 + HBr → H 3 C-CH 2 Br
CBr 4 can be obtained by the bromination of methane. The byproducts include other brominated methanes (methyl bromide, dibromomethane and bromoform) and hydrogen bromide. This process is analogous to the chlorination of methane: Br 2 + hν → 2 Br·; Br· + CH 4 → ·CH 3 + HBr. ·CH 3 + Br 2 → CH 3 Br + Br·. CH 3 Br + Br· → ·CH 2 Br ...
By draining wetlands, the water table is thus lowered, increasing consumption of methane by the methanotrophic bacteria in the soil. [12] However, as a result of draining, water saturated ditches develop, which due to the warm, moist environment, end up emitting a large amount of methane. [12]
The higher the proton affinity, the stronger the base and the weaker the conjugate acid in the gas phase.The (reportedly) strongest known base is the ortho-diethynylbenzene dianion (E pa = 1843 kJ/mol), [3] followed by the methanide anion (E pa = 1743 kJ/mol) and the hydride ion (E pa = 1675 kJ/mol), [4] making methane the weakest proton acid [5] in the gas phase, followed by dihydrogen.
[1] [4] Electrical current produced from renewable energy sources may, through electromethanogenesis, be converted into methane which may then be used as a biofuel. [1] [4] It may also be a useful method for the capture of carbon dioxide which may be used for air purification. [1] In nature, methane formation occurs biotically and abiotically.