Search results
Results from the WOW.Com Content Network
1952: an X-ray diffraction image of DNA was taken by Raymond Gosling in May 1952, a student supervised by Rosalind Franklin. [30] 1953: DNA structure is resolved to be a double helix by James Watson, Francis Crick and Maurice Wilkins. [31] 1955: Alexander R. Todd determined the chemical makeup of nitrogenous bases.
Using these x-rays and information already known about the chemistry of DNA, James D. Watson and Francis Crick demonstrated the molecular structure of DNA in 1953. [22] [23] Together, these discoveries established the central dogma of molecular biology, which states that proteins are translated from RNA which is transcribed by
Gene conversion occurs during recombination, when nucleotide damage is repaired using an homologous genomic region as a template. It can be a biased process, i.e. one allele may have a higher probability of being the donor than the other in a gene conversion event.
Other advances in molecular biology stemming from the discovery of the DNA double helix eventually led to ways to sequence genes. James Watson directed the Human Genome Project at the National Institutes of Health. [7] The ability to sequence and manipulate DNA is now central to the biotechnology industry and modern medicine.
1972 – The DNA composition of chimpanzees and gorillas is discovered to be 99% similar to that of humans. 1973 – Stanley Norman Cohen and Herbert Boyer perform the first successful recombinant DNA experiment, using bacterial genes. [6] 1974 – Scientists invent the first biocement for industrial applications.
Because of the uncertainties from the archeological record, scientists have turned to molecular dating techniques in order to refine the timeline of human evolution. A major goal of scientists in the field is to develop an accurate hominid mitochondrial molecular clock which could then be used to confidently date events that occurred during the ...
Template: Single strand DNA discovery. ... Download as PDF; Printable version; In other projects ... By using this site, ...
Two categories of macromolecules in particular are the focus of the molecular biologist: 1) nucleic acids, among which the most famous is deoxyribonucleic acid (or DNA), the constituent of genes, and 2) proteins, which are the active agents of living organisms. One definition of the scope of molecular biology therefore is to characterize the ...