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Epistemic injustice is injustice related to knowledge. It includes exclusion and silencing ; systematic distortion or misrepresentation of one's meanings or contributions; undervaluing of one's status or standing in communicative practices; unfair distinctions in authority; and unwarranted distrust.
Following the UPIAS "social definition of disability", in 1983 the disabled academic Mike Oliver coined the phrase social model of disability in reference to these ideological developments. [14] Oliver focused on the idea of an individual model (of which the medical was a part) versus a social model, derived from the distinction originally made ...
The community approach typically focuses on issues such as community standards of justification, community procedures of critique, diversity, epistemic justice, and collective knowledge. [ 1 ] Social epistemology as a field within analytic philosophy has close ties to, and often overlaps with philosophy of science .
Epistemic democracy therefore includes positions which take democracy to be solely justified on epistemic grounds, and positions which combine epistemic and procedural considerations. While epistemic democracy is commonly defined in respect to the importance placed on procedure-independent standards, there are a range of epistemological ...
Epistemology is the branch of philosophy that examines the nature, origin, and limits of knowledge.Also called theory of knowledge, it explores different types of knowledge, such as propositional knowledge about facts, practical knowledge in the form of skills, and knowledge by acquaintance as a familiarity through experience.
Testimonial injustice consists in prejudices that cause one to "give a deflated level of credibility to a speaker's word": [9] Fricker gives the example of a woman who due to her gender is not believed in a business meeting. She may make a good case, but prejudice causes the listeners to believe her arguments to be less competent or sincere and ...
The Troubled-Teen Industry Has Been A Disaster For Decades. It's Still Not Fixed.
In 1990, the Americans with Disabilities Act was put in place to prohibit private employers, state and local government, employment agencies and labor unions from discrimination against qualified disabled people in job applications, when hiring, firing, advancement in workplace, compensation, training, and on other terms, conditions and ...