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The linear no-threshold model (LNT) is a dose-response model used in radiation protection to estimate stochastic health effects such as radiation-induced cancer, genetic mutations and teratogenic effects on the human body due to exposure to ionizing radiation. The model assumes a linear relationship between dose and health effects, even for ...
Complications from radiation exposure include malformation of internal organs, reduction of IQ, and cancer formation. [8] The SI unit of exposure is the coulomb per kilogram (C/kg), which has largely replaced the roentgen (R). [9] One roentgen equals 0.000 258 C/kg; an exposure of one coulomb per kilogram is equivalent to 3876 roentgens. [9]
Two projects were conducted at the Radiobiology Laboratory at University of California, Davis. [2] [5] The first, Project Four, started in 1951 with the objective of studying the long-term effects of sub-lethal and mid-lethal x-irradiation exposure. [2]
A very low dose of a chemical agent may trigger from an organism the opposite response to a very high dose.. Radiation hormesis proposes that radiation exposure comparable to and just above the natural background level of radiation is not harmful but beneficial, while accepting that much higher levels of radiation are hazardous.
Radiant energy received by a surface per unit area, or equivalently irradiance of a surface integrated over time of irradiation. This is sometimes also called "radiant fluence". Spectral exposure: H e,ν [nb 3] joule per square metre per hertz J⋅m −2 ⋅Hz −1: M⋅T −1: Radiant exposure of a surface per unit frequency or
Exposure can be from a source of radiation external to the human body or due to internal irradiation caused by the ingestion of radioactive contamination. Ionizing radiation is widely used in industry and medicine, and can present a significant health hazard by causing microscopic damage to living tissue.
Hyperthermia, or heat exposure following irradiation is well known in the field of radiation therapy to markedly increase the severity of free-radical insults to cells following irradiation. Presently however no attempts have been made to cater for this confounding factor, it is not included or corrected for in the dose-response curves for this ...
Irradiation is the process by which an object is exposed to radiation. An irradiator is a device used to expose an object to radiation, notably gamma radiation , for a variety of purposes. [ 1 ]