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Elias Hicks (March 19, 1748 – February 27, 1830) was a traveling Quaker minister from Long Island, New York.In his ministry he promoted doctrines deemed unorthodox by many which led to lasting controversy, and caused the second major schism within the Religious Society of Friends (the first caused by George Keith in 1691). [1]
The separation was caused by the determination of some Quakers to participate in the social reform movements of the day despite efforts by leading Quaker bodies to dissuade them from mixing with non-Quakers. These reformers were drawn especially to organizations that opposed slavery, but also to those that campaigned for women's rights.
The Quaker testimony of simplicity extends to memorialisation. Founder George Fox is remembered with a simple grave marker at Quaker Gardens, Islington, London. Traditional Quaker memorial services are held as a form of worship and known as memorial meetings. Friends gather for worship and offer remembrances of the deceased.
The Hicksite Separation (1967), uses the new social history to inquire who joined which side; Dunn, Mary Maples. William Penn: Politics and Conscience (1967). Frost, J. William. The Quaker Family in Colonial America: A Portrait of the Society of Friends (1973), emphasis on social structure and family life. Frost, J. William.
In 1815, Quakers at Blue River established a monthly meeting at the Hicksite Friends Meeting House, located just east of Salem. [4] Coffin donated two acres for the building and a cemetery. [ 5 ] [ 6 ] While the church was being built, its members planned to build a school and created a committee of 24 people to look after and promote the ...
In 1827, the Great Separation divided Pennsylvania Quakers into two branches, Orthodox and Hicksite. Many individual meetings also separated, but one branch generally kept possession of the meeting house. The two branches reunited in the 1950s.
The Quaker population in the area began to decline about 1830, caused by western migration, the "Great Separation" between Hicksite and Orthodox Quakers, and controversy surrounding Quakers during the abolition movement and the Civil War. Between 1850 and 1870 most Quaker meetings in the area were closed, with the Providence Meeting closed in 1870.
The Hicksite branch was discontinued in 1914. Since then the meetinghouse has only been used for special occasions. No modern conveniences such as heat, plumbing or electricity have been added to the building, so it is considered to be in pristine condition. [6] It was illegal to build Quaker meetinghouses in England until the Act of Toleration ...