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In cell biology, a biomarker is a molecule that allows the detection and isolation of a particular cell type (for example, the protein Oct-4 is used as a biomarker to identify embryonic stem cells). [33] In genetics, a biomarker (identified as genetic marker) is a DNA sequence that causes disease or is associated with susceptibility to disease ...
In medicine, a biomarker is a measurable indicator of the severity or presence of some disease state. It may be defined as a "cellular, biochemical or molecular alteration in cells, tissues or fluids that can be measured and evaluated to indicate normal biological processes, pathogenic processes, or pharmacological responses to a therapeutic intervention."
One notable biomarker garnering significant attention is the protein biomarker S100-beta in monitoring the response of malignant melanoma. In such melanomas, melanocytes , the cells that make pigment in our skin, produce the protein S100-beta in high concentrations dependent on the number of cancer cells.
A tumor marker is a biomarker that can be used to indicate the presence of cancer or the ... Carbohydrates consists of antigens on and/or secreted from tumor cells ...
In recent years, advances in molecular techniques, genomics, cancer biology and sequencing technology have provided opportunities to discover and validate new biomarkers for prognosis, particularly molecular prognostic markers.
Biomarker discovery is a medical term describing the process by which biomarkers are discovered. Many commonly used blood tests in medicine are biomarkers. There is interest in biomarker discovery on the part of the pharmaceutical industry; blood-test or other biomarkers could serve as intermediate markers of disease in clinical trials, and as possible drug targets.
Cardiac markers are biomarkers measured to evaluate heart function. They can be useful in the early prediction or diagnosis of disease. [1] Although they are often discussed in the context of myocardial infarction, other conditions can lead to an elevation in cardiac marker level.
Senescent Cd8+ T cells could be utilized as a biomarker to signal the transition from pre-diabetes to overt hyperglycemia. [16] Recently, Hashimoto and coworkers profiled thousands of circulating immune cells from supercentenarians at single-cell resolution. They identified a unique increase in cytotoxic CD4 T cells in these supercentenarians.