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Cheyne–Stokes respiration is an abnormal pattern of breathing characterized by progressively deeper, and sometimes faster, breathing followed by a gradual decrease that results in a temporary stop in breathing called an apnea. The pattern repeats, with each cycle usually taking 30 seconds to 2 minutes. [1]
Kussmaul breathing is a deep and labored breathing pattern often associated with severe metabolic acidosis, particularly diabetic ketoacidosis (DKA) but also kidney failure. It is a form of hyperventilation , which is any breathing pattern that reduces carbon dioxide in the blood due to increased rate or depth of respiration.
Various breathing abnormalities . Ataxic respirations are one of many unique respiration styles in an ill patient. There is an apparent controversy surrounding the novelty of ataxic respirations versus the well-known Cheyne-Stokes and cluster respirations, which Dr. Camille Biot deemed mutually exclusive. [3]
Cheyne–Stokes respiration is a breathing pattern consisting of alternating periods of rapid and slow breathing, which may result from a brain stem injury. [12] Cheyne-Stokes respiration may be observed in newborn babies, but this is occasionally physiological (normal). Chest retractions may be observed in patients with asthma.
Hyperpnea – fast and deep breathing; Hyperventilation – increased breathing that causes CO 2 loss; Hypopnea – slow and shallow breathing; Hypoventilation – decreased breathing that causes CO 2 gain; Labored breathing – physical presentation of respiratory distress; Tachypnea – increased breathing rate
Also known as Biot's respirations, it is a form of breathing associated with neurological injury. It is characterized by irregular normal breathing patterns, apnea, and tachypnea. [15] [16] Named after French physician Camille Biot, the breathing style differs from Cheyne Stokes in that the typical crescendo-decrescendo pattern is absent. [16]
Central neurogenic hyperventilation (CNH) is an abnormal pattern of breathing characterized by deep and rapid breaths at a rate of at least 25 breaths per minute. Increasing irregularity of this respiratory rate generally is a sign that the patient will enter into coma. CNH is unrelated to other forms of hyperventilation, like Kussmaul's ...
Biot's breathing or ataxic breathing, is an abnormal pattern of breathing characterized by variable tidal volume, random apneas, and no regularity. [1] It is named for Camille Biot , who characterized it in 1876.