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  2. Glossary of chemistry terms - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Glossary_of_chemistry_terms

    Also acid ionization constant or acidity constant. A quantitative measure of the strength of an acid in solution expressed as an equilibrium constant for a chemical dissociation reaction in the context of acid-base reactions. It is often given as its base-10 cologarithm, p K a. acid–base extraction A chemical reaction in which chemical species are separated from other acids and bases. acid ...

  3. Glossary of structural engineering - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Glossary_of_structural...

    An alloy may be a solid solution of metal elements (a single phase) or a mixture of metallic phases (two or more solutions). Intermetallic compounds are alloys with a defined stoichiometry and crystal structure. Zintl phases are also sometimes considered alloys depending on bond types.

  4. Packing problems - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Packing_problems

    The hexagonal packing of circles on a 2-dimensional Euclidean plane. These problems are mathematically distinct from the ideas in the circle packing theorem.The related circle packing problem deals with packing circles, possibly of different sizes, on a surface, for instance the plane or a sphere.

  5. Structural coloration - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Structural_coloration

    The brilliant iridescent colors of the peacock's tail feathers are created by structural coloration, as first noted by Isaac Newton and Robert Hooke.. Structural coloration in animals, and a few plants, is the production of colour by microscopically structured surfaces fine enough to interfere with visible light instead of pigments, although some structural coloration occurs in combination ...

  6. Dimensional analysis - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dimensional_analysis

    The solution is then more complete than the one that dimensional analysis alone gives. Often, the added information is that one of the powers of a certain variable is even or odd. As an example, for the projectile problem, using orientational symbols, θ , being in the xy-plane will thus have dimension 1 z and the range of the projectile R will ...

  7. Tetrahedron - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tetrahedron

    In a 3-dimensional orthoscheme, the tree consists of three perpendicular edges connecting all four vertices in a linear path that makes two right-angled turns. The 3-orthoscheme is a tetrahedron having two right angles at each of two vertices, so another name for it is birectangular tetrahedron .

  8. Hyperdimensional computing - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hyperdimensional_computing

    Addition creates a vector that combines concepts. For example, adding “SHAPE is CIRCLE” to “COLOR is RED,” creates a vector that represents a red circle. Permutation rearranges the vector elements. For example, permuting a three-dimensional vector with values labeled x, y and z, can interchange x to y, y to z, and z to x. Events ...

  9. Crossword - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Crossword

    A crossword (or crossword puzzle) is a word game consisting of a grid of black and white squares, into which solvers enter words or phrases ("entries") crossing each other horizontally ("across") and vertically ("down") according to a set of clues. Each white square is typically filled with one letter, while the black squares are used to ...