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A scanning tunneling microscope (STM) is a type of scanning probe microscope used for imaging surfaces at the atomic level. Its development in 1981 earned its inventors, Gerd Binnig and Heinrich Rohrer, then at IBM Zürich, the Nobel Prize in Physics in 1986. [1][2][3] STM senses the surface by using an extremely sharp conducting tip that can ...
Microscopy. Scanning electron microscope image of pollen (false colors) Microscopic examination in a biochemical laboratory. Microscopy is the technical field of using microscopes to view objects and areas of objects that cannot be seen with the naked eye (objects that are not within the resolution range of the normal eye). [1]
An account of the early history of scanning electron microscopy has been presented by McMullan. [2] [3] Although Max Knoll produced a photo with a 50 mm object-field-width showing channeling contrast by the use of an electron beam scanner, [4] it was Manfred von Ardenne who in 1937 invented [5] a microscope with high resolution by scanning a very small raster with a demagnified and finely ...
Phase-contrast microscope. Phase-contrast microscopy (PCM) is an optical microscopy technique that converts phase shifts in light passing through a transparent specimen to brightness changes in the image. Phase shifts themselves are invisible, but become visible when shown as brightness variations.
The viewer sees the images from both microscopes next to one another, as in the inset image. A comparison microscope is a device used to analyze side-by-side specimens. It consists of two microscopes connected by an optical bridge, which results in a split view window enabling two separate objects to be viewed simultaneously.
Fluorescence and confocal microscopes operating principle. Confocal microscopy, most frequently confocal laser scanning microscopy (CLSM) or laser scanning confocal microscopy (LSCM), is an optical imaging technique for increasing optical resolution and contrast of a micrograph by means of using a spatial pinhole to block out-of-focus light in image formation. [1]
A micrograph or photomicrograph is a photograph or digital image taken through a microscope or similar device to show a magnified image of an object. This is opposed to a macrograph or photomacrograph, an image which is also taken on a microscope but is only slightly magnified, usually less than 10 times. Micrography is the practice or art of ...
A Foldscope is an optical microscope that can be assembled from a punched sheet of cardstock, a spherical glass lens, a light emitting diode (LED) and a diffuser panel, along with a watch battery that powers the LED. [ 4] Once assembled, the Foldscope is about the size of a bookmark. The Foldscope weighs 8 grams [citation needed] and comes in a ...