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Tabes dorsalis is a late consequence of neurosyphilis, characterized by the slow degeneration (specifically, demyelination) of the neural tracts primarily in the dorsal root ganglia of the spinal cord (nerve root). These patients have lancinating nerve root pain which is aggravated by coughing, and features of sensory ataxia with ocular ...
Tabes dorsalis is a form of late neurosyphilis that affects the posterior columns of the spinal cord. Parenchymal syphilis occurs in the late stage of neurosyphilis, with average presentation occurring 15 to 25 years after initial infection. [3] This stage of the disease is generally in the form of tabes dorsalis or general paresis.
Subacute combined degeneration of spinal cord; Diagram of the principal fasciculi of the spinal cord. (In subacute combined degeneration of spinal cord, the "combined" refers to the fact that the dorsal columns and lateral corticospinal tracts are both affected, in contrast to tabes dorsalis which is selective for the dorsal columns.)
Hutchinson's mask is a patient's sensation that the face is covered with a mask or a gauzy network like cobwebs. This medical sign is associated with tabes dorsalis [1] affecting the trigeminal nerve (fifth cranial nerve CN V).
General paresis, also known as general paralysis of the insane (GPI), paralytic dementia, or syphilitic paresis is a severe neuropsychiatric disorder, classified as an organic mental disorder, and is caused by late-stage syphilis and the chronic meningoencephalitis and cerebral atrophy that are associated with this late stage of the disease when left untreated.
Neurosyphilis at this point can cause several damages to the body, including tabes dorsalis. [11] When the nervous system is infected at this particular stage, the individual is at risk for meningeal syphilis, which in turn slowly shuts down the entire body.
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These potential morbidities include Hutchinson’s triad, thickening of the clavicle, juvenile paresis, juvenile tabes dorsalis, aortitis, and asymptomatic neurosyphilis. [3] Thus highlighting the importance of early screening in pregnant people and neonates, with prompt treatment.