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Bipolar I disorder requires confirmation of only 1 full manic episode for diagnosis, but may be associated with hypomanic and depressive episodes as well. [7] Diagnosis for bipolar II disorder does not include a full manic episode; instead, it requires the occurrence of both a hypomanic episode and a major depressive episode. [7]
Lumateperone was approved for medical use in the United States in December 2019 with an initial indication for schizophrenia, [4] [5] and became available in February 2020. [2] It has since demonstrated efficacy in bipolar depression and received FDA approval in December 2021 for depressive episodes associated with both bipolar I and II disorders.
The global prevalence of bipolar disorder is estimated to be between 1–5% of the world's population. [11] While the causes of this mood disorder are not clearly understood, both genetic and environmental factors are thought to play a role. [4] Genetic factors may account for up to 70–90% of the risk of developing bipolar disorder.
Bipolar disorder is a long-term mood disorder characterized by major fluctuations in mood — both high and low — that can impact daily functioning and behavior. Bipolar Disorder: 4 Types & What ...
A recent large-scale study found that severe depression in patients with bipolar disorder responds no better to a combination of antidepressant medications and mood stabilizers than it does to mood stabilizers alone and that antidepressant use does not hasten the emergence of manic symptoms in patients with bipolar disorder. [40]
Omega-3 fatty acids It is also conjectured that omega-3 fatty acids may have a mood stabilizing effect. [16] Compared with placebo, omega-3 fatty acids appear better able to augment known mood stabilizers in reducing depressive (but perhaps not manic) symptoms of bipolar disorder; additional trials would be needed to establish the effects of omega-3 fatty acids alone.
Olanzapine, sold under the brand name Zyprexa among others, is an atypical antipsychotic primarily used to treat schizophrenia and bipolar disorder. [13] It is also sometimes used off-label for treatment of chemotherapy-induced nausea and vomiting [14] and as an appetite stimulant. [15]
This is a complete list of clinically approved prescription antidepressants throughout the world, as well as clinically approved prescription drugs used to augment antidepressants or mood stabilizers, by pharmacological and/or structural classification.
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