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The impeachment trial of Andrew Johnson, the first presidential impeachment trial in US history. In the United States, impeachment is the process by which a legislature may bring charges against an officeholder for misconduct alleged to have been committed with a penalty of removal.
The purpose of the committees was to streamline impeachment trials, which otherwise would have taken up a great deal of the chamber's time. Defendants challenged the use of these committees, claiming them to be a violation of their fair trial rights as this did not meet the constitutional requirement for their cases to be "tried by the Senate".
Impeachment is a process by which a legislative body or other legally constituted tribunal initiates charges against a public official for misconduct. [1] [2] It may be understood as a unique process involving both political and legal elements. [3] [4] [5] [6]
A federal impeachment trial ceremonial starts with the House impeachment managers presenting to the Senate the articles of impeachment which the official will be tried on by reading them. After this, the presiding officer takes their oath for the trial, and then proceeds to provide the juror's oath to the senators. [ 12 ]
Generally, an impeachment inquiry is overseen by the House Committee on the Judiciary, [4] with the most frequent alternative being a select committee formed for the explicit purposes of conducting the inquiry. [9] An impeachment inquiry's investigation may, alternatively, involve multiple committees instead of just one.
An article of impeachment is a documented statement which specifies the charges to be tried in an impeachment trial as a basis for removing an officeholder. [1] Articles of impeachment are an aspect of impeachment processes of many governments that utilize a bifurcated (two-part) impeachment process that sees a vote to "impeach" followed by an impeachment trial on whether to remove an officer.
An impeachment trial is a trial that functions as a component of an impeachment. Several governments utilize impeachment trials as a part of their processes for impeachment, but differ as to when in the impeachment process trials take place and how such trials are held.
Federalist 65 is the only essay in the Federalist Papers that specifically delineates the Framers’ intended use and purpose of the impeachment and removal power. The constitution defines impeachable offenses as "treason, bribery, or other high crimes and misdemeanors."