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XPath (XML Path Language) is an expression language designed to support the query or transformation of XML documents. It was defined by the World Wide Web Consortium (W3C) in 1999, [1] and can be used to compute values (e.g., strings, numbers, or Boolean values) from the content of an XML document.
XPath (or XPath 1.0): an expression language for addressing portions of an XML document; XPath 2.0: a language for addressing portions of XML documents, successor of XPath 1.0; XPointer: a system for addressing components of XML based internet media; XProc : a W3C standard language to describe XML Pipeline
XPath is widely used in other core-XML specifications and in programming libraries for accessing XML-encoded data. XQuery (XML Query) is an XML query language strongly rooted in XPath and XML Schema. It provides methods to access, manipulate and return XML, and is mainly conceived as a query language for XML databases .
The XQuery and XPath Data Model (XDM) is the data model shared by the XPath 2.0, XSLT 2.0, XQuery, and XForms programming languages. It is defined in a W3C recommendation. [1] Originally, it was based on the XPath 1.0 data model which in turn is based on the XML Information Set.
XPath 3.1 [12] is an expression language that allows the processing of values conforming to the XDM [13] data model. The version 3.1 of XPath supports JSON as well as XML. jq is like sed for JSON data – it can be used to slice and filter and map and transform structured data.
XSLT 3.0 will work with either XPath 3.0 or 3.1. In the case of 1.0 and 2.0, the XSLT and XPath specifications were published on the same date. With 3.0, however, they were no longer synchronized; XPath 3.0 became a Recommendation in April 2014, followed by XPath 3.1 in February 2017; XSLT 3.0 followed in June 2017.
Compared to XPath 2.0, XPath 3.0 adds the following new features: . Inline function expressions Anonymous functions can be created in an expression context. For example, the expression function ($ a as xs:double, $ b as xs:double) as xs:double {$ a * $ b} creates a function that returns the product of its two arguments.
XQuery provides the means to extract and manipulate data from XML documents or any data source that can be viewed as XML, such as relational databases [9] or office documents. XQuery contains a superset of XPath expression syntax to address specific parts of an XML document.