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When performed on a negative value in a signed type, the result is technically implementation-defined (compiler dependent), [5] however most compilers will perform an arithmetic shift, causing the blank to be filled with the set sign bit of the left operand. Right shift can be used to divide a bit pattern by 2 as shown:
All logical operators exist in C and C++ and can be overloaded in C++, albeit the overloading of the logical AND and logical OR is discouraged, because as overloaded operators they behave as ordinary function calls, which means that both of their operands are evaluated, so they lose their well-used and expected short-circuit evaluation property.
In logic, negation, also called the logical not or logical complement, is an operation that takes a proposition to another proposition "not ", written , , ′ [1] or ¯. [citation needed] It is interpreted intuitively as being true when is false, and false when is true.
Logical connectives can be used to link zero or more statements, so one can speak about n-ary logical connectives. The boolean constants True and False can be thought of as zero-ary operators. Negation is a unary connective, and so on.
The stable model semantics define a condition for calling certain Herbrand models of a program stable. Intuitively, stable models are the "possible sets of beliefs that a rational agent might hold, given [the program]" as premises. [11] A program with negation may have many stable models or no stable models. For instance, the program
In Boolean logic, logical NOR, [1] non-disjunction, or joint denial [1] is a truth-functional operator which produces a result that is the negation of logical or.That is, a sentence of the form (p NOR q) is true precisely when neither p nor q is true—i.e. when both p and q are false.
The result of shifting by a bit count greater than or equal to the word's size is undefined behavior in C and C++. [2] [3] Right-shifting a negative value is implementation-defined and not recommended by good coding practice; [4] the result of left-shifting a signed value is undefined if the result cannot be represented in the result type. [2]
The statement A ∨ B is true if A or B (or both) are true; if both are false, the statement is false. n ≥ 4 ∨ n ≤ 2 ⇔ n ≠ 3 when n is a natural number . ⊕