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  2. Multiple (mathematics) - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Multiple_(mathematics)

    In mathematics, a multiple is the product of any quantity and an integer. [1] In other words, for the quantities a and b, it can be said that b is a multiple of a if b = na for some integer n, which is called the multiplier. If a is not zero, this is equivalent to saying that / is an integer.

  3. Integer factorization - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Integer_factorization

    For example, 15 is a composite number because 15 = 3 · 5, but 7 is a prime number because it cannot be decomposed in this way. If one of the factors is composite, it can in turn be written as a product of smaller factors, for example 60 = 3 · 20 = 3 · (5 · 4).

  4. Least common multiple - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Least_common_multiple

    Here, the composite number 90 is made up of one atom of the prime number 2, two atoms of the prime number 3, and one atom of the prime number 5. This fact can be used to find the lcm of a set of numbers. Example: lcm(8,9,21) Factor each number and express it as a product of prime number powers.

  5. Divisor - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Divisor

    Prime numbers have exactly 2 divisors, and highly composite numbers are in bold. 7 is a divisor of 42 because =, so we can say It can also be said that 42 is divisible by 7, 42 is a multiple of 7, 7 divides 42, or 7 is a factor of 42. The non-trivial divisors of 6 are 2, −2, 3, −3.

  6. Fundamental theorem of arithmetic - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fundamental_theorem_of...

    If a number be the least that is measured by prime numbers, it will not be measured by any other prime number except those originally measuring it. — Euclid, Elements Book IX , Proposition 14 (In modern terminology: a least common multiple of several prime numbers is not a multiple of any other prime number.)

  7. Factorization - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Factorization

    The polynomial x 2 + cx + d, where a + b = c and ab = d, can be factorized into (x + a)(x + b).. In mathematics, factorization (or factorisation, see English spelling differences) or factoring consists of writing a number or another mathematical object as a product of several factors, usually smaller or simpler objects of the same kind.

  8. Product (mathematics) - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Product_(mathematics)

    In mathematics, a product is the result of multiplication, or an expression that identifies objects (numbers or variables) to be multiplied, called factors.For example, 21 is the product of 3 and 7 (the result of multiplication), and (+) is the product of and (+) (indicating that the two factors should be multiplied together).

  9. Multiplicity (mathematics) - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Multiplicity_(mathematics)

    In prime factorization, the multiplicity of a prime factor is its -adic valuation.For example, the prime factorization of the integer 60 is . 60 = 2 × 2 × 3 × 5, the multiplicity of the prime factor 2 is 2, while the multiplicity of each of the prime factors 3 and 5 is 1.

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