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Charles Sumner, an anti-slavery "Conscience Whig" who later joined the Republican Party Edward Everett, a pro-South "Cotton Whig" Henry Clay of Kentucky was the party's congressional leader from the time of its formation in 1833 until his resignation from the Senate in 1842, and he remained an important Whig leader until his death in 1852. [183]
John Quincy Adams, the 6th president, became a Whig congressman later in his career. During the 1790s, the first major U.S. parties arose in the form of the Federalist Party, led by Alexander Hamilton, and the Democratic-Republican Party, led by Thomas Jefferson.
With the collapse of the Whig Party, the 1856 presidential election became a three-sided contest between Democrats, Know Nothings, and Republicans. [81] During his campaign, Fillmore minimized the issue of nativism, instead attempting to use his campaign as a platform for unionism and a revival of the Whig Party. [82]
Fast forward to 1828, and Andrew Jackson changed the Democratic-Republican Party's name to the Democrats. Those who were against Jackson created the Whig Party out of the former Federalist Party.
The Republican Party emerged from the great political realignment of the mid-1850s. William Gienapp argues that the great realignment of the 1850s began before the Whig party demise, and was caused not by politicians but by voters at the local level. The central forces were ethno-cultural, involving tensions between pietistic Protestants versus ...
[19] Drawing on the antislavery portion of the Whig Party, and combining Free Soil, Liberty, and antislavery Democratic Party members, the new Republican Party formed as a northern party dedicated to antislavery. [20] Lincoln resisted early attempts to recruit him to the new party, fearing that it would serve as a platform for extreme ...
During Jackson's second term, opponents of the president including Clay, Webster, and William Henry Harrison created the Whig Party, and through the years, Clay became a leading congressional Whig. Clay sought the presidency in the 1840 election but was passed over at the Whig National Convention in favor of Harrison.
On December 4, 1839, the Whig Party held its first national convention, an important milestone in its rise to political power.