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An allele [1] (or allelomorph) is a variant of the sequence of nucleotides at a particular location, or locus, on a DNA molecule. [2]Alleles can differ at a single position through single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNP), [3] but they can also have insertions and deletions of up to several thousand base pairs.
Allelic exclusion is a process by which only one allele of a gene is expressed while the other allele is silenced. [1] This phenomenon is most notable for playing a role in the development of B lymphocytes, where allelic exclusion allows for each mature B lymphocyte to express only one type of immunoglobulin.
Genes may possess multiple variants known as alleles, and an allele may also be said to reside at a particular locus. Diploid and polyploid cells whose chromosomes have the same allele at a given locus are called homozygous with respect to that locus, while those that have different alleles at a given locus are called heterozygous. [3]
Read-out is one, two or zero fluorescent dots, which indicates mono-,di-allelic or no expression respectfully at single cell resolution. Cell sorting if the gene is a surface protein, and there is the allele-specific antibody , this technique can be used to detect presence or absence of fixed or dynamic RME by running the same cell over the time.
This is an accepted version of this page This is the latest accepted revision, reviewed on 11 January 2025. Science of genes, heredity, and variation in living organisms This article is about the general scientific term. For the scientific journal, see Genetics (journal). For a more accessible and less technical introduction to this topic, see Introduction to genetics. For the Meghan Trainor ...
A cell is said to be homozygous for a particular gene when identical alleles of the gene are present on both homologous chromosomes. [ 2 ] An individual that is homozygous-dominant for a particular trait carries two copies of the allele that codes for the dominant trait .
Gene conversion is the process by which one DNA sequence replaces a homologous sequence such that the sequences become identical after the conversion. [1] Gene conversion can be either allelic, meaning that one allele of the same gene replaces another allele, or ectopic, meaning that one paralogous DNA sequence converts another.
In diploid organisms (like humans), the somatic cells possess two copies of the genome, one inherited from the male and one from the female. Each autosomal gene is therefore represented by two copies, or alleles, with one copy inherited from each parent at fertilization. The expressed allele is dependent upon its parental origin.