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2. Seismic magnitude scales - Wikipedia

   en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Seismic_magnitude_scales

   Much of an earthquake's total energy as measured by M w is dissipated as friction (resulting in heating of the crust). [52] An earthquake's potential to cause strong ground shaking depends on the comparatively small fraction of energy radiated as seismic waves, and is better measured on the energy magnitude scale, M e. [53]

3. Earthquake cycle - Wikipedia

   en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Earthquake_Cycle

   [3] [4] Depending on the size of the earthquake, an earthquake cycle can last decades, centuries, or longer. [ 1 ] [ 5 ] The Parkfield portion of the San Andreas fault is a well-known example where similarly located M6.0 earthquakes have been instrumentally recorded every 30–40 years.

4. P wave - Wikipedia

   en.wikipedia.org/wiki/P_wave

   Typical values for P wave velocity in earthquakes are in the range 5 to 8 km/s. The precise speed varies according to the region of the Earth's interior, from less than 6 km/s in the Earth's crust to 13.5 km/s in the lower mantle, and 11 km/s through the inner core.

5. Focal mechanism - Wikipedia

   en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Focal_mechanism

   The moment tensor solution is displayed graphically using a so-called beachball diagram. The pattern of energy radiated during an earthquake with a single direction of motion on a single fault plane may be modelled as a double couple, which is described mathematically as a special case of a second order tensor (similar to those for stress and strain) known as the moment tensor.

6. Moment magnitude scale - Wikipedia

   en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Moment_magnitude_scale

   It has become the standard scale used by seismological authorities like the United States Geological Survey [4] for reporting large earthquakes (typically M > 4), replacing the local magnitude (M L ) and surface-wave magnitude (M s ) scales. Subtypes of the moment magnitude scale (M ww , etc.) reflect different ways of estimating the seismic ...

7. 4.4 earthquake was centered on notorious L.A. fault system - AOL

   www.aol.com/news/magnitude-4-4-earthquake...

   The magnitude 4.4 earthquake that rattled Los Angeles on Monday was centered within one of the region's most potentially destructive fault systems, one capable of producing a magnitude 7.5 ...