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"The Fifth Modernization" is an essay by human rights activist Wei Jingsheng, originally begun as a signed wall poster placed on the Democracy Wall in Beijing on December 5, 1978. [ 1 ] Summary
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Modernisation refers to a model of a progressive transition from a "pre-modern" or "traditional" to a "modern" society. [1]The theory particularly focuses on the internal factors of a country while assuming that, with assistance, traditional or pre-modern countries can be brought to development in the same manner which more developed countries have.
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Modernization theory or modernisation theory holds that as societies become more economically modernized, wealthier and more educated, their political institutions become increasingly liberal democratic and rationalist. [1]
Modernization theory is the predominant explanation for the emergence of nationalism among scholars of nationalism. [ 1 ] [ 2 ] [ 3 ] Prominent modernization scholars, such as Benedict Anderson , Ernest Gellner and Eric Hobsbawm , say nationalism arose with modernization during the late 18th century. [ 4 ]
Both the Soviet Union and the United States viewed the modernization of the developing world as a way to expand their respective spheres of influence and create new economic markets; however, it was the Soviet Union and other autocratic regimes during this period that adopted high modernism as the optimal vision to bring about modernization.