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See § Brackets for examples of use. Most symbols have two printed versions. They can be displayed as Unicode characters, or in LaTeX format. With the Unicode version, using search engines and copy-pasting are easier. On the other hand, the LaTeX rendering is often much better (more aesthetic), and is generally considered a standard in mathematics.
This list gives those most commonly encountered with Latin script. For a far more comprehensive list of symbols and signs, see List of Unicode characters . For other languages and symbol sets (especially in mathematics and science), see below .
The following table lists many specialized symbols commonly used in modern mathematics, ordered by their introduction date. The table can also be ordered alphabetically by clicking on the relevant header title.
The Unicode Standard encodes almost all standard characters used in mathematics. [1] Unicode Technical Report #25 provides comprehensive information about the character repertoire, their properties, and guidelines for implementation. [1] Mathematical operators and symbols are in multiple Unicode blocks. Some of these blocks are dedicated to, or ...
The styled characters are mostly located in the Mathematical Alphanumeric Symbols block, but the 24 characters in cells with a pink background are located in the letterlike symbols block, for example, ℛ (script capital r) is at U+211B rather than the expected U+1D4AD which is reserved.
This list is incomplete; you can help by adding missing items. ( January 2011 ) Latin and Greek letters are used in mathematics , science , engineering , and other areas where mathematical notation is used as symbols for constants , special functions , and also conventionally for variables representing certain quantities.
The following table lists many common symbols, together with their name, how they should be read out loud, and the related field of mathematics. Additionally, the subsequent columns contains an informal explanation, a short example, the Unicode location, the name for use in HTML documents, [1] and the LaTeX symbol.
Suignard, Michel (2001-09-10), "T.9 B.1 List of combining characters/Variation selectors", Comments accompanying the US positive vote on the FPDAM 1 to ISO/IEC 10646-1:2001 L2/01-386R N2389R